Novel penicillins and cephalosporins and process for producing the same

ABSTRACT

Novel penicillins and cephalosporins and non-toxic salts thereof, which contain a mono- or di-oxo- or thioxo-piperazino(thio)carbonylamino group have been prepared. These compounds are valuable antibacterial compounds for use in mammals including man. A process for the preparation of the compounds has also been discovered.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of Application Ser. No. 571,479 filed Apr. 24, 1975, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,087,424.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to novel penicillins and cephalosporins and to a process for producing the same.

The compounds of the present invention have various characteristics including antibacterial activity of a broad spectrum against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and effective antibacterial activity particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus species. Furthermore, the compounds of the present invention possess high resistance to β-lactamase produced from bacteria, and effective antibacterial activity even against clinical isolates of bacteria which are significant at present from a clinical standpoint. Accordingly, the compounds of the present invention are quite effective as therapeutic drugs for human and animal infectious diseases derived from the above-mentioned pathogenic microorganisms.

Description of the Prior Art

It has heretofore been known that 6-acylamino penicillanic acids and 7-acylaminocephalosporanic acids having an amino group at the α-position of the acyl group show strong antibacterial activity not only against Gram-positive bacteria but also against Gram-negative bacteria. However, such known compounds suffer from the disadvantage that they show substantially no effective antibacterial activity against not only Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus species, which are known to cause clinically serious infectious diseases, but also resistant bacteria which are frequently isolated at present from many clinical hospitals. Moreover, they tend to be hydrolyzed with β-lactamase produced from many drug-resistant bacteria.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

With an aim to obtain penicillins and cephalosporins having none of the disadvantages mentioned above, the present inventors conducted extensive studies and found that novel compounds of formula (I) which appears hereinafter possess such properties. The compounds are prepared by bonding the moiety, ##STR1## WHEREIN A, X, Y, R², R³, n and m are as defined hereinafter, to the amino group in the acyl group of pencillins and cephalosporins. Not only do such compounds sufficiently satisfy the above-mentioned aim, but they also have extremely valuable therapeutic effects.

It is an object of this invention to provide novel penicillins and cephalosporins containing a mono- or di-oxo- or thioxo-piperazino(thio)carbonylamino group.

It is another object of this invention to provide novel penicillins and cephalosporins having a broad antibacterial spectrum.

It is a further object of this invention to provide novel pencillins and cephalosporins having high resistance to β-lactamase produced from bacteria.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide novel penicillins and cephalosporins having effective antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of bacteria.

It is yet another object of this invention to provide a process for producing the novel pencillins and cephalosporins.

It is yet a further object of this invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition containing the novel pencillins or cephalosporins as active ingredient.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description.

The compounds of the present invention are pencillins and cephalosporins represented by the general formula (I), ##STR2## wherein R represents an amino acid residue; R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a blocking group or a salt-forming cation; n represents 1 or 2; each of the n X's, which may be identical or different from one another, represents individually an oxygen or sulfur atom, and the n X's are attached in any combination to the 2-, 3- and/or 5-positions of the piperazine ring; m represents 4-n; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and m pairs of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, acyl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, amino or carbamoyl group; any pair of R² and R³ together with a common carbon atom may form a cycloalkyl ring; A represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a cyano group, or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkadienyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkadienyl, aryl, acyl, aralkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, thiocarbamoyl, acylcarbamoyl, acylthiocarbamoyl, alkylsulfonylcarbamoyl, arylsulfonylcarbamoyl, alkylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl, arylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl, sulfamoyl, alkoxycarbonylthioalkyl, alkoxythiocarbonylthioalkyl, amino or heterocyclic group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; and >Z represents ##STR3## or ##STR4## where R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an azido group, a quaternary ammonium group, or an organic group linked through O, N or S.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the above-mentioned general formula (I), R represents an amino acid residue. Examples of such amino acid residue include residues of amino acids derived from various aliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic compounds, which amino acids may contain an amino group at a position such as the α-, β- or γ-position to the carboxyl group. Preferred as R is an α-amino acid residue represented by the formula ##STR5## wherein R⁵ is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or the like; a cycloalkyl group such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or the like; a cycloalkenyl group such as cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, or the like; a cycloalkadienyl group such as cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl or the like; an aryl group such as phenyl, naphthyl or the like; an aralkyl group such as benzyl, phenetyl or the like; an aryloxy group such as phenoxy, naphthoxy or the like; an alkylthioalkyl group such as methylthiomethyl, ethylthiomethyl, methylthioethyl, ethylthioethyl or the like; or a heterocyclic group such as furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl or the like; each group represented by said R⁵ may be substituted by various groups, for example, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acyl, alkylsulfonylamino or the like; R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom; and R⁵ and R⁶ together with a common carbon atom may form a cycloalkyl ring such as cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or the like; a cycloalkenyl ring such as cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, or the like; or a cycloalkadienyl ring such as cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl, or the like.

In the general formula (I), R¹ is a hydrogen atom, a blocking group or a salt-forming cation. The blocking group may be any of those which have heretofore been used in the field of penicillin or cephalosporin type compounds. Suitable blocking groups include (1) ester-forming groups capable of being removed by catalytic reduction, chemical reduction or hydrolysis under mild conditions, e.g., arylsulfonylalkyl groups such as toluene-sulfonylethyl, etc.; substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl groups such as benzyl, 4-nitrobenzyl, diphenylmethyl, trityl, 3,5-di(tert.-butyl)-4-hydroxybenzyl, etc.; substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups such as tert.-butyl, trichloroethyl, etc.; the phenacyl group; alkoxyalkyl groups such as methoxymethyl, etc.; and unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted cyclic aminoalkyl groups such as piperidinoethyl, 4-methylpiperidinoethyl, morpholinoethyl, pyrrolidinoethyl, etc.; (2) ester-forming groups capable of being easily removed by enzymes in a living body, e.g. acyloxyalkyl groups such as pivaloyloxymethyl, etc.; the phthalide group; and the indanyl group; and (3) silicon-containing groups, phosphorus-containing groups and tin-containing groups which are capable of being easily removed by treating with H₂ O or an alcohol, such as ##STR6## or the like. The examples of the blocking groups mentioned in (1), (2) and (3) above are merely typical, and other examples are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,499,909; 3,573,296 and 3,641,018 and DOS 2,301,014; 2,253,287 and 2,337,105 and may be used in this invention. Suitable salt-forming cations include cations which have heretofore been known in the field of penicillin or cephalosporin type compounds, and preferred are those capable of forming non-toxic salts. Such salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts, potassium salts, etc.; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts, magnesium salts, etc.; ammonium salts; and salts with nitrogen-containing organic bases such as procaine, dibenzylamine, N-benzyl-β-phenethylamine, 1-ephenamine, N,N-dibenzylethylenediamine, etc. In addition to the above cations, there may be used cations capable of forming salts with other nitrogen-containing organic bases, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, dimethylaniline, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylmorpholine, diethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, etc. Furthermore, the suitable cations include quaternary ammonium groups formed at the 3-position of a cephem ring, such as pyridinium, quinolinium, isoquinolinium, pyrimidinium, and the like. In this case, a betaine structure is formed in the molecule.

In the general formula (I), m pairs of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually, a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc.; a carboxyl group; an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, etc.; a cycloalkyl group such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, etc.; an aryl group such as phenyl, naphthyl, etc.; an acyl group such as acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, benzoyl, etc.; an aralkyl group such as benzyl, phenethyl, etc.; an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group such as methoxycarbonylmethyl, ethoxycarbonylmethyl, etc.; an acyloxyalkyl group such as acetyloxymethyl, propionyloxymethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, benzoyloxymethyl, etc.; an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.; an alkoxycarbonyl group such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, etc.; a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group such as cyclopentyloxycarbonyl, cyclohexyloxycarbonyl, cycloheptyloxycarbonyl, etc.; an aralkoxycarbonyl group such as benzoyloxycarbonyl, phenethoxycarbonyl, etc.; an aryloxycarbonyl group such as phenoxycarbonyl, naphthoxycarbonyl, etc.; an amino group such as amino, N-alkylamino (e.g. N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N-propylamino, N-butylamino, etc.), N,N-dialkylamino (e.g. N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, N,N-dibutylamino, etc.), N-acylamino (e.g. N-acetylamino, N-propionylamino, N-butyrylamino, N-benzoylamino, etc.), and cyclic amino (e.g. pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino, etc.); and a carbamoyl group such as carbamoyl, N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-ethylaminocarbonyl, N,N-dimethylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl, etc. Furthermore, R² and R³ together with a common carbon atom may form a cycloalkyl ring such as a cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl group. Each of the groups mentioned above for said R² and R³ may be substituted by various substituents, for example, halogen atoms, or alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acyl or nitro groups.

In the general formula (I), A represents a hydrogen atom; a hydroxy group; a nitro group; a cyano group; an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, dodecyl, or the like; an alkenyl group such as vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, or the like; an alkynyl group such as propargyl, or the like; an alkadienyl group such as 1,3-butadienyl, 1,3-pentadienyl, or the like; a cycloalkyl group such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or the like; a cycloalkenyl group such as cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, or the like; a cycloalkadienyl group such as cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl, or the like; an aryl group such as phenyl, naphthyl, or the like; an acyl group such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, isovaleryl, caproyl, enanthoyl, capryloyl, palmitoyl, stearoyl, acryloyl, cyclohexanecarbonyl, benzoyl, phenylglycyl, furoyl, thenoyl, or the like; an aralkyl group such as benzyl, phenethyl, or the like; an acyloxyalkyl group such as acetyloxyethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, benzoyloxymethyl, or the like; an alkoxy group such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, or the like; a cycloalkyloxy group such as cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, or the like; an aryloxy group such as phenoxy, naphthoxy, or the like; an alkoxycarbonyl group such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, or the like; a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group such as cyclopentyloxycarbonyl, cyclohexyloxycarbonyl, cycloheptyloxycarbonyl, or the like; an aryloxycarbonyl group such as phenoxycarbonyl, (1- or 2-)naphthoxycarbonyl, or the like; an aralkoxycarbonyl group such as benzyloxycarbonyl, phenethoxycarbonyl, or the like; an alkysulfonyl group such as methanesulfonyl, ethanesulfonyl, propanesulfonyl, butanesulfonyl, or the like; a cycloalkylsulfonyl group such as cyclopentanesulfonyl, cyclohexanesulfonyl, or the like; an arylsulfonyl group such as benzenesulfonyl, (1- or 2-)naphthalenesulfonyl, or the like; a carbamoyl group such as carbamoyl, N-alkylaminocarbonyl (e.g. N-methylaminocarbonyl, N-ethylaminocarbonyl, N-propylaminocarbonyl, N-butylaminocarbonyl, or the like), N-arylaminocarbonyl (e.g. N-phenylaminocarbonyl, or the like), N,N-dialkylaminocarbonyl (e.g. N,N-dimethylaminocarbonyl, N,N-diethylaminocarbonyl, or the like), cyclic amino carbonyl (e.g. pyrrolidinocarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl, morpholinocarbonyl, or the like); a thiocarbamoyl group such as thiocarbamoyl, N-alkylaminothiocarbonyl (e.g. N-methylaminothiocarbonyl, N-ethylaminothiocarbonyl, N-propylaminothiocarbonyl, or the like), N-arylaminothiocarbonyl (e.g. N-phenylaminothiocarbonyl, or the like), N,N-dialkylaminothiocarbonyl (e.g. N,N-dimethylaminothiocarbonyl, N,N-diethylaminothiocarbonyl, or the like), or cyclic aminothiocarbonyl (e.g. pyrrolidinothiocarbonyl, piperidinothiocarbonyl, morpholinothiocarbonyl, or the like); an acylcarbamoyl group such as N-acetylcarbamoyl, N-propionylcarbamoyl, N-butyrylcarbamoyl, N-benzoylcarbamoyl, N-furoylcarbamoyl, N-thenoylcarbamoyl, or the like; an acylthiocarbamoyl group such as N-acetylthiocarbamoyl, N-propionylthiocarbamoyl, N-butyrylthiocarbamoyl, N-benzoylthiocarbamoyl, N-naphthoylthiocarbamoyl, N-furoylthiocarbamoyl, N-thenoylthiocarbamoyl, or the like); an alkylsulfonylcarbamoyl group such as methanesulfonylaminocarbonyl, ethanesulfonylaminocarbonyl, butanesulfonylaminocarbonyl, or the like; an arylsulfonylcarbamoyl group such as benzenesulfonylaminocarbonyl, (1- or 2-)naphthalenesulfonylaminocarbonyl, or the like; an alkylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl group such as methanesulfonylaminothiocarbonyl, ethanesulfonylaminothiocarbonyl, butanesulfonylaminothiocarbonyl, or the like; an arylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl group such as benzenesulfonylaminothiocarbonyl, naphthalenesulfonylaminothiocarbonyl, or the like; a sulfamoyl group such as sulfamoyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N-propylsulfamoyl, N-butylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N,N-diethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dipropylsulfamoyl, N,N-dibutylsulfamoyl, N-phenylsulfamoyl, N-benzylsulfamoyl, N-cyclopentylsulfamoyl, N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl, or the like; an alkoxycarbonylthioalkyl group such as methoxycarbonylthiomethyl, ethoxycarbonylthiomethyl, propoxycarbonylthiomethyl, butoxycarbonylthiomethyl, methoxycarbonylthioethyl, or the like; an alkoxythiocarbonylthioalkyl group such as methoxythiocarbonylthiomethyl, ethoxythiocarbonylthiomethyl, propoxythiocarbonylthiomethyl, butoxythiocarbonylthiomethyl, methoxythiocarbonylthioethyl, or the like; an amino group such as amino, N-alkylamino (e.g. N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N-propylamino, N-butylamino, or the like), N,N-dialkylamino (e.g. N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, N,N-dibutylamino, or the like), N-acylamino (e.g. N-acetylamino, N-propionylamino, N-butyrylamino, N-benzoylamino, or the like), or cyclic amino (e.g. pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino, or the like); or a heterocyclic group such as thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl, pyrazyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, quinolyl, or the like. Each of the groups mentioned above for A in formula (I) may be substituted by any of such substituents as, for example, halogen atoms, hydroxyl groups, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkythio groups, nitro groups, cyano groups, amino groups (e.g. dialkylamino, cyclic amino, etc.), carboxyl groups, acyl groups, etc.

Suitable quaternary ammonium groups for R⁴ include pyridinium, quinolinium, isoquinolinium and pyrimidinium. Furthermore, suitable organic groups which are linked through O, N or S for R⁴ include alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.; aryloxy groups such as phenoxy, naphthoxy, etc.; aralkoxy groups such as benzoyloxy, phenethoxy, etc.; acyloxy groups such as acetyloxy, propionyloxy, butyryloxy, benzoyloxy, naphthoyloxy, cyclopentanecarbonyloxy, cyclohexanecarbonyloxy, furoyloxy, thenoyloxy, etc.; carbamoyloxy groups such as carbamoyloxy, N-methylaminocarbonyloxy, N,N-dimethylaminocarboxyloxy, N-acetylaminocarbonyloxy, phenylaminocarbonyloxy, benzylaminocarbonyloxy, cyclohexylaminocarbonyloxy, etc.; guanidino groups such as guanidino, N-methylguanidino, etc.; amino groups such as amino, N-alkylamino (e.g. N-methylamino, N-ethylamino, N-propylamino, N-butylamino, N-cyclohexylamino, N-phenylamino, etc.) N,N-dialkylamino (e.g. N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, N,N-dibutylamino, etc.), and cyclic amino (e.g. pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino, etc.); alkylthio groups such as methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, etc.; arylthio groups such as phenylthio, (1- or 2-)-naphthylthio, etc.; aralkylthio groups such as benzylthio, phenethylthio, etc.; acylthio groups such as acetylthio, propionylthio, butyrylthio, benzoylthio, (1- or 2-)naphthoylthio, cyclopentanecarbonylthio, cyclohexanecarbonylthio, furoylthio, thenoylthio, isothiazolecarbonylthio, isoxazolecarbonylthio, thiadiazolecarbonylthio, triazolecarbonylthio, etc.; thiocarbamoylthio groups such as thiocarbamoylthio, N-methyl-thiocarbamoylthio, N,N-diethylthiocarbamoylthio, 1-piperidino-thiocarbonylthio, 1-morpholinothiocarbonylthio, 4-methyl-1-piperazinothiocarbonylthio, etc.; alkoxythiocarbonylthio groups such as methoxythiocarbonylthio, ethoxythiocarbonylthio, propoxythiocarbonythio, butoxythiocarbonylthio, etc.; aryloxythiocarbonylthio groups such as phenoxythiocarbonylthio, etc.; cycloalkyloxythiocarbonylthio groups such as cyclohexyloxythiocarbonylthio, etc.; amidinothio groups such as amidinothio, N-methylamidinothio, N,N'-dimethylamidinothio, etc.; and heterocycle thio groups such as oxazolylthio, thiazolylthio, isoxazolylthio, isothiazolylthio, imidazolylthio, pyrazolylthio, pyridylthio, pyrazinylthio, pyrimidinylthio, pyridazinylthio, quinolylthio, isoquinolylthio, quinazolylthio, indolylthio, indazolylthio, oxadiazolylthio, thiadiazolylthio, triazolylthio, tetrazolylthio, triazinylthio, benzimidazolylthio, benzoxazolylthio, benzothiazolylthio, triazolopyridylthio, purinylthio, pyridine-1-oxide-2-ylthio, pyridazine-1-oxide-6-ylthio, etc. Each of the groups mentioned above for R⁴ may be substituted by any of such substituents as, for example, halogen atoms, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkylthio groups, nitro groups, cyano groups, acylamino groups, acyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbamoyl groups, etc.

The above-mentioned compounds of formula (I) of the present invention have optical isomers, and all of the D-isomers, L-isomers and racemic compounds thereof are included in the scope of the present invention.

In the present invention preferred compounds of the general formula (I) are as follows: ##STR7## wherein R¹, R², R³, A, R⁵ and >Z are as defined above.

The compounds of formula (I) of the present invention are produced according to any one of the processes (1), (2) and (3) described below.

Process (1):

This process comprises reacting a compound represented by the general formula (II), ##STR8## with a reactive derivative of the ##STR9## (hereinafter referred to as a "(thio)carboxyl group") of a compound represented by the general formula (III), ##STR10## Process (2):

This process comprises reacting a compound represented by the general formula (IV), ##STR11## with a compound represented by the general formula (V), ##STR12## or with a reactive derivative of the ##STR13## (hereinafter referred to as a "carboxyl group") of the compound of formula (V).

Process (3):

This process comprises reacting a compound represented by the general formula (VI), ##STR14## with a compound represented by the general formula (VII),

    R.sup.8 M                                                  (VII)

or with a tertiary amine.

In the above-mentioned formulas (II) to (VI), R, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X, m, n, A, Y and >Z are as defined above; and R⁷ represents a hydrogen atom, a silicon-containing group or a phosphorus-containing group. Suitable silicon-containing and phosphorus-containing groups are the same as those mentioned above for R¹.

In the aforesaid formula (VI), B represents a substituent capable of being easily replaced by a nucleophilic reagent, and includes, for example, halogen atoms such as chlorine, bromine, etc.; lower alkanoyloxy groups such as formyloxy, acetoxy, propionyloxy, butyryloxy, pivaloyoxy, etc.; arylcarbonyloxy groups such as benzoyloxy, naphthoyloxy, etc.; arylcarbonylthio groups such as benzoylthio, naphthoylthio, etc.; carbamoyloxy groups; heteroaromatic amino N-oxide thio groups having a thio group on the carbon atom adjacent to the N-oxide group in the molecule, such as pyridine-1-oxide-2-ylthio, pyridazine-1-oxide-6-ylthio, etc. Each of the groups mentioned above for B may be substituted by any of such substituents as, for example, halogen atoms, nitro groups alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkylthio groups, acyl groups, etc.

In formula (VII), R⁸ represents a cyano group, an azido group or an organic group linked through O, N or S. The organic group is the same as mentioned above for R⁴.

In the formula (VII), M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. Suitable tertiary amines used in the process (3) include pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, pyrimidine, etc. These tertiary amines may be substituted by various substituents such as halogen, lower alkyl, carbamoyl and the like.

Any of the D-isomer, L-isomer or racemic compound may be used as compound II.

As the reactive derivative of the (thio)carboxyl group of the compound of formula (III), there is used a reactive derivative of a carboxylic acid which is ordinarily employed for the synthesis of acid amide compounds. Examples of the reactive derivative are acid halides, acid azides, acid cyanides, mixed acid anhydrides, active esters, active amides, etc. Particularly preferable examples thereof are acid halides such as acid chlorides, acid bromides, etc., and active esters such as cyanomethyl ester, trichloromethyl ester, etc.

The reactive derivative of the (thio)carboxyl group of the compound of formula (III) can be easily obtained by reacting, for example, an oxopiperazine or thioxopiperazine of formula (VIII), synthesized according to the process of the literature references described below, with phosgene, thiophosgene, trichloromethyl ester of chloroformic acid, or the like, ##STR15## wherein A, X, R², R³, m and n are as defined previously. Literature references:

V. g. granik, Khim-Farm. Zh., I(4), 16-19 (1967) (Russ);

Samuel R. Aspinall, J. An. Chem. Soc., 62, 1202-4 (1940);

Kuniyoshi MASUZAWA, Pharm. Bull. (Japan), 38 2078-2081 (1966);

Arthur P. Phillips, Ger. 1135472, Aug. 30 (1962);

J. l. riebsomer, J. Org. Chem., 15 68-73 (1950);

Jongkees, Rec. trav. Chim., 27 305;

Patric T. Izzo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 81 4668-4670 (1959); and

B. h. chase & A. M. Downes, J. Chem. Soc., 3874-3877 (1953).

Examples of the compound of formula (VIII) and the (thio)carboxyl group reactive derivative of the compound of formula (III) are as set forth in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively, but, of course, these are not limitative.

                                      Table 1                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR16##                                                                                           m.p. (recry-                                                                   stallization    IR                                       Compound              solvent)        (cm.sup.-1)                              __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR17##                                                                                            ##STR18##      νCO 1640 νNH 3450 - 3250            ##STR19##            b.p. 143° C/1 mmHg oily material                                                        νCO 1650 νNH 3300 - 3200            ##STR20##            b.p. 122 - 125° C/2 mmHg 140                                            - 141°C(IPA)                                                                            νCO 1650 - 1630 νNH 3260,                                                3170                                      ##STR21##            85 - 86° C (IPA - IPE)                                                                  νCO 1660 - 1620                        ##STR22##            105 - 106° C (AcOEt)                                                                    νCO 1710,1640 νNH 3380,3190         ##STR23##                                                                                            ##STR24##      νCO 1645, 1625 νNH 3380,                                                 3190                                      ##STR25##            129 - 130° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1650,1630 νNH 3270              ##STR26##            134 - 135° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1660 - 1630 νNH 3280            ##STR27##            96 - 97° C (CCl.sub.4)                                                                  νCO 1670, 1640 νNH 3200             ##STR28##            80 - 81° C (IPE)                                                                        νCO 1660, 1620 νNH 3250             ##STR29##            83 - 84° C (IPE)                                                                        νCO 1660, 1620 νNH 3250             ##STR30##            99 - 100° C (CCl.sub.4)                                                                 νCO 1660, 1620 νNH 3250             ##STR31##            203 - 205° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1670, 1620 νNH 3250             ##STR32##            91 - 93° C (IPA)                                                                        νCO 1640, 1600 νNH 3250             ##STR33##            146 - 148° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1650, 1620 νNH 3200             ##STR34##            118 - 120° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1660, 1620 νNH 3200             ##STR35##            182 - 185° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1670, 1600 νNH 3200             ##STR36##            Oily material   νCO 1650, 1620 νNH 3200             ##STR37##                                                                                            ##STR38##      νCO 1650, 1630 νNH 3225             ##STR39##            167 - 168° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1680 νNH                                                             3200 νSO.sub.2 N< 1310, 1140           ##STR40##                                                                                            ##STR41##      νCO 1680, 1650, 1620 νNH                                                 3300                                      ##STR42##            85 - 88° C (AcOEt)                                                                      νCO 1660, 1640 νNH 3300,                                                 3200                                      ##STR43##                                                                                            ##STR44##      νCO 1690 - 1650 νNH 3200,                                                3050                                      ##STR45##            189 - 190° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1650, 1620 νNH 3250             ##STR46##            136 - 138° C (Acetone)                                                                  νC0 1660 νNH 3200                   ##STR47##            Oily material   νCO 1650 - 1630 νNH 3270            ##STR48##            Oily material   νNH 3250 νCO 1650 - 1630            ##STR49##            Oily material   νCO 1650 - 1620                        ##STR50##            Oily material   νNH 3270 νCO 1650 - 1630                                                 Hydrochloride νCO 1680 νNH                                               3200, 3080                                ##STR51##            Oily material   νCO 1680 νNH 3300                   ##STR52##            Oily material   νCO 1720, 1640 νNH 3300             ##STR53##            b.p. 104° C/4 mmHg                                                                      νCO 1620 νNH 3275                   ##STR54##            Oily material   νCO 1610 νNH 3250                   ##STR55##            Oily material   νCO 1610 νNH 3250                   ##STR56##            Oily material   νCO 1610 νNH 3400 - 3200            ##STR57##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR58##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR59##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR60##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR61##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR62##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3270                   ##STR63##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3300                   ##STR64##            Oily material   νCO 1630 νNH 3300                   ##STR65##            Oily material   νCO 1630 νNH 3300                   ##STR66##            Oily material   νCO 1630  νNH 3200                  ##STR67##                                                                                            ##STR68##      νCO 1630 νNH 3300                   ##STR69##            Oily material   νCO 1700 νNH 3400 - 3250            ##STR70##            b.p. 183 - 185° C/2mmHg                                                                 νCO 1620                               ##STR71##            Oily material   νCO 1650 νNH 3300                   ##STR72##            Oily material   νCO 1620 νNH 3300                   ##STR73##            Oily material   νCO 1640 νNH 3300                   ##STR74##            Oily material   νCO 1660 νNH 3300                   ##STR75##            Oily material   νCO 1630 νNH 3300                   ##STR76##            184 - 185° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1690 - 1650 νNH 3190,                                                3050                                      ##STR77##            177 - 178° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1680 - 1650 νNH 3190,                                                3050                                      ##STR78##            142 - 143° C (IPA)                                                                      νC O 1680 - 1620 νNH 3200           ##STR79##            209° C (IPA)                                                                            νCO 1660 - 1630 νNH 3230            ##STR80##            158° C (IPA)                                                                            νCO1695, 1660 νNH 3220              ##STR81##            Oily material   νCO 1730 - 1650 νNH 3300 -                                               3200                                      ##STR82##                                                                                            ##STR83##      νCO 1680, 1650 νNH 3250             ##STR84##                                                                                            ##STR85##      νCO 1680, 1650 νNH 3200,                                                 3100                                      ##STR86##            111 - 113° C (CCl.sub.4)                                                                νCO 1695, 1670 νNH 3240,                                                 3150                                      ##STR87##                                                                                            ##STR88##      νCO 1650 νNH 3300 - 3200            ##STR89##            104 - 106° C (IPE)                                                                      νCO 1700, 1660 νNH 3200,                                                 3100                                      ##STR90##            111 - 115° C (IPE)                                                                      νCO 1700, 1660 νNH 3200,                                                 3100                                      ##STR91##            112 - 115° C (IPE)                                                                      νCO 1700, 1660 νNH 3200,                                                 3100                                      ##STR92##            116 - 120° C (IPE)                                                                      νCO 1700, 1660 νNH 3225,                                                 3100                                      ##STR93##            136 - 137° C (Acetone)                                                                  νCO 1680, 1655 νNH 3200,                                                 3100                                      ##STR94##            202 - 204° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1690, 1645 νNH 3260             ##STR95##            128 - 129° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1700 - 1650 νNH 3200-                                                3100                                      ##STR96##            127 - 128° C (AcOEt)                                                                    νCO 1660 νNH 3200, 3080             ##STR97##                                                                                            ##STR98##      νCO 1660 νNH 3200, 3100             ##STR99##            183 - 185° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1720, 1660 νNH 3320,                                                 3175, 3050                                ##STR100##           96 - 99° C (IPA-n-Hexane)                                                               νCO 1720, 1660 νNH 3330             ##STR101##           143 - 146° C (IPA)                                                                      νCO 1765, 1720, 1680 νNH                                                 3350                                      ##STR102##           210 - 212° C (MeOH)                                                                     νCO 1680 νNH 3380, 3290,                                                 3070                                      ##STR103##           132 - 133° C (EtOH)                                                                     νCO 1715, 1685 νNH 3275,                                                 3170                                      ##STR104##           98 - 100° C (IPA)                                                                       νCO 1715, 1665 νNH                 __________________________________________________________________________                                           3360                                      Note:                                                                          IPA(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHOH                                                       IPE(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      AcOEtCH.sub.3 COOCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                             EtOHCH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 OH                                                 

                                      Table 2                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR105##                                                                    Compound             Physical property                                                                          I.R. (cm.sup.-1)                              __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR106##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1790, 1710, 1640                          ##STR107##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1730 - 1650                         ##STR108##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1730 - 1650                         ##STR109##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1660, 1640                          ##STR110##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1680 - 1640                         ##STR111##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1680 - 1640                         ##STR112##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1710, 1640                          ##STR113##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1730, 1640                          ##STR114##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1660, 1630                          ##STR115##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1640                                ##STR116##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR117##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1640                                ##STR118##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR119##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1710, 1640                          ##STR120##          "           νCO νSO.sub.2                                                                 1790, 1700 1320, 1140                     ##STR121##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1720 - 1660                         ##STR122##          "           νCO                                                                              1740, 1720, 1650                          ##STR123##          "           νCO                                                                              1750, 1720, 1640                          ##STR124##          "           νCO                                                                              1740 - 1720, 1670                         ##STR125##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1720                                ##STR126##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1720                                ##STR127##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1720                                ##STR128##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1720                                ##STR129##                                                                                          ##STR130## νCO                                                                              1720, 1660                                ##STR131##          Crystal     νCO                                                                              1730, 1670                                ##STR132##          Crystal     νCO                                                                              1720, 1660                                ##STR133##          m.p. 59 - 60° C (from IPE)                                                          νCO                                                                              1710 - 1730, 1660                         ##STR134##                                                                                          ##STR135## νCO                                                                              1725, 1650                                ##STR136##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1720, 1690                                ##STR137##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1740 - 1700                         ##STR138##          "           νCO                                                                              1710, 1630                                ##STR139##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR140##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR141##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR142##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1640                                ##STR143##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR144##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1640                                ##STR145##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1640                                ##STR146##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR147##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR148##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1640                                ##STR149##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1640                                ##STR150##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR151##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR152##          m.p. 105 - 107° C                                                                   νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR153##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1720, 1645                                ##STR154##          "           νCO                                                                              1700 -  1740                              ##STR155##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1660 - 1630                         ##STR156##          "           νCO                                                                              1720, 1640                                ##STR157##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR158##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                                ##STR159##          "           νCO                                                                              1730, 1650                               (trans-)                                                                        ##STR160##          m.p. 150° C (decomp.)                                                               νCO                                                                              1670, 1720                                ##STR161##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1790, 1720 - 1670                         ##STR162##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1710, 1670                          ##STR163##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1710 - 1660                         ##STR164##          "           νCO                                                                              1790, 1710 - 1660                         ##STR165##          m.p. 94 - 95° C (decomp.) (from CH.sub.2                                Cl.sub.2 Et.sub.2 O)                                                                       νCO                                                                              1790, 1680                                ##STR166##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1790, 1720, 1670                          ##STR167##          m.p. 95 - 96° C (decomp.) (from                                                     νCO                                                                              1780, 1660                                ##STR168##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1780, 1710 - 1640                         ##STR169##          "           νCO                                                                              1780, 1660                                ##STR170##          m.p. 130 - 131° C (decomp.)                                                         νCO                                                                              1780, 1660                                ##STR171##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1790, 1720 - 1665                         ##STR172##          "           νCO                                                                              1780, 1720 - 1640                         ##STR173##          "           νCO                                                                              1780, 1720 - 1640                         ##STR174##          "           νCO                                                                              1780, 1720 - 1640                         ##STR175##          Crystal     νCO                                                                              1775, 1660 - 1620                         ##STR176##          Crystal     νCO                                                                              1785, 1720 - 1650                         ##STR177##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1790, 1720, 1680                          ##STR178##          m.p. 65 - 70° C (decomp.)                                                           νCO                                                                              1785, 1680                                ##STR179##          m.p. 100 - 101° C (decomp.)                                                         νCO                                                                              17225, 1675                               ##STR180##          m.p. 180 - 181° C                                                                   νCO                                                                              1740, 1695                                ##STR181##          m.p. 160 - 165° C                                                                   νCO                                                                              1740, 1670                                ##STR182##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1800, 1750, 1710                          ##STR183##          m.p. 185 - 187° C (decomp.)                                                         νCO                                                                              1730, 1690                                ##STR184##          Oily material                                                                              νCO                                                                              1750, 1710 - 1685                         ##STR185##          "           νCO                                                                              1735, 1725, 1710,                        __________________________________________________________________________                                           1675                                      Note:                                                                          Et.sub.2 O = CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                              AcOBu =  CH.sub.3 COO(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3                           

The compound represented by the general formula (V) can be easily obtained by reacting, for example, a salt with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a nitrogen-containing organic base of an amino acid (VII) (any of the D-isomer, L-isomer and racemic compound) represented by the general formula (VII)

    h.sub.2 n--r--cooh                                         (vii)

wherein R is as defined previously, with a reactive derivative in the (thio)carboxyl group of a compound represented by the general formula (III) in a solvent inert to the reaction in the presence of an acid-binding agent. Preferred examples of the compound of formula (V) are D-isomers, L-isomers and racemic compounds of the following compounds, though, of course, the examples are not limitative:

α-(4-Acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Chloroacetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Dichloroacetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl-amino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Caproyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Capryloyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Enanthoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Cyclohexanecarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-p-Chlorobenzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-p-Methoxybenzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-[4-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoyl)-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetic acid

α-[4-(2,4-Dichlorobenzoyl)-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Acetyl-3-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methanesulfonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Acetylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Phenylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Pivaloyloxymethyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Hexyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Octyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(3-Oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(2,5-Dimethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(5-Methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(2-Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(2-Methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Acetyl-2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Phenylaminocarbonyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Isopropyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Pentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-iso-Pentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Hexyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Heptyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Octyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Dodecyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Cyclopentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(2-Methyl-4-n-butyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-5-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-6-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(2-Phenyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Carbamoyl-2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-β-Hydroxyethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-α-Methylallyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-β-Methylallyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-[4-(Trans-2-butenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Morpholinomethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionic acid

α-(4-Acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzoyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Acetoxyethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Isopropyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Hexyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Heptyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Allyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

α-(4-β-Chloroethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Pyrrolidinoethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid

α-(6-Methyl-4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4,6-Dimethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinothiocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid

α-(4-Ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid

α-(4-n-Butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid

α-(2,2-Pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-β,β,β-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(3,5-Dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(2-Methyl-2-phenyl-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Benzyl-2-methyl-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid

α-(4-Methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetic acid

As the reactive derivative in the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (V), there is used a reactive derivative of a carboxylic acid which is ordinarily used in the synthesis of acid amides. Suitable reactive derivatives include, for example, acid halides, acid anhydrides, mixed acid anhydrides with organic or inorganic acids, active acid amides, acid cyanides, active esters, etc. Particularly, acid chlorides, mixed acid anhydrides and active acid amides are preferred. Examples of the mixed acid anhydrides are mixed acid anhydrides with substituted acetic acids, alkyl carbonic acids, aryl carbonic acids and aralkyl carbonic acids; examples of the active esters are cyanomethyl esters, substituted phenyl esters, substituted benzyl esters, substituted thienyl esters, etc.; and examples of the active acid amides are N-acyl saccharins, N-acyl imidazoles, N-acyl benzoylamides, N,N-dicyclohexyl-N-acylureas, N-acyl sulfonamides, etc.

Compounds of formula (VI) can be obtained by, for example, process (1) or (2). Some of the compounds obtained by process (3) can further be used as the starting compounds in process (3). Any of the D-, L- and racemic compounds of formula (VI) may be used.

The modes of practice of the processes (1), (2) and (3) are explained below.

The processes (1) and (2) may be carried out under substantially the same conditions. That is, the compound of formula (II) or (IV) is dissolved or suspended in at least one inert solvent selected from, for example, water, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, methoxyethanol, diethyl ether, isopropyl ether, benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone and the like. The resulting solution or suspension is reacted with a reactive derivative of the compound of formula (III), or with the compound of formula (V) or a reactive derivative in the carboxyl group of the compound of formula (V) in the presence or absence of a base at a temperature in the range from -60° to 80° C., preferably from -40° to 30° C. The reaction time is ordinarily 5 minutes to 5 hours. Examples of the base used in the above reaction are inorganic bases such as alkali hydroxides, alkali hydrogencarbonates, alkali carbonates, alkali acetates, etc.; tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylmorpholine, lutidine, collidine, etc.; and secondary amines such as dicyclohexylamine, diethylamine, etc. When the compound of formula (V) is used in the form of a free acid or salt in the process (2), the reaction of the process (2) may be effected in the presence of a dehydrating condensing agent such as N,N-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, N-cyclohexyl-N'-morpholinoethyl carbodiimide, N,N'-diethyl carbodiimide, N,N'-carbonyl di(2-methylimidazole), a trialkyl ester of phosphorous acid, ethyl ester of polyphosphoric acid, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride, 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane or oxazolyl chloride. Suitable salts of the compound of formula (V) include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and salts with organic bases such as trimethylamine, dicyclohexylamine and the like.

The process (3) is carried out in the manner described below.

When B in the formula (VI) is a group other than a hetero aromatic N-oxide thio group having a thio group on the carbon atom adjacent to the N-oxide group in the molecule, the compound of formula (VI) is reacted with the compound of formula (VII) or a tertiary amine in at least one solvent selected from, for example, water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, methoxyethanol, dimethoxyethane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, chloroform, a dichloroethane, and the like. The above-mentioned reaction is preferably effected in a strongly polar solvent such as water or the like. In this case, the pH of the reaction solution is advantageously maintained at 2 to 10, preferably 4 to 8. The desired pH may be attained by addition of a buffer solution such as sodium phosphate. The reaction conditions are not particularly limited, though the reaction is ordinarily conducted at 0° to 100° C. over a period of several hours to tens hours. When B in the formula (VI) is a hetero aromatic N-oxide thio group having a thio group on the carbon atom adjacent to the N-oxide group in the molecule, the compound of formula (VI) is reacted with the compound of formula (VII) in the above-mentioned solvent in the presence of a cupric compound. This reaction is particularly useful where an alcohol is used such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol or the like as the compound of formula (VII). In this case, the reaction proceeds smoothly by using an excess of the alcohol per se to allow it to act as the reaction medium too. Suitable cupric compounds used in this process include organic and inorganic ones, such as cupric chloride, bromide, fluoride, nitrate, sulfate, borate, phosphate, cyanide, formate, acetate, propionate, citrate, tartarate, benzoate, salicylate and the like. The amount of the cupric compound used is preferably 1/2 mole per mole of the compound of formula (VI). The reaction temperature and the reaction time may be varied depending upon the nature of the compound of formula (VI), the cupric compound and the compound of formula (VII), though they are usually selected from the range of 0° to 100° C. and the range of several minutes to several days, respectively.

The reaction conditions to be adopted in the processes (1), (2) and (3) are not limited to those mentioned above, and can be properly varied depending upon the kinds of reaction reagents.

Further, the non-toxic salts of the general formula (I), in which R¹ is a salt-forming cation, can be easily obtained according to an ordinary procedure from compounds of the general formula (I), in which R¹ is a hydrogen atom or a blocking group.

Thus, among the compounds of formula (I) of the present invention, the penicillins can be easily obtained according to any of the aforesaid processes (1) and (2), while the cephalosporins can be easily obtained according to anyone of the aforesaid processes (1), (2) and (3).

The present penicillins and cephalosporins include the following compounds though are not restricted thereto. The following penicillins can be produced by any of the aforesaid processes (1) and (2), and the following cephalosporins can be produced by any of the aforesaid processes (1), (2) and (3). Penicillins:

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-dichloroacetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-enanthoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-cyclohexanecarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-3-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methanesulfonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-pivaloyloxymethyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-capryloyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-caproyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-chloroacetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-p-chlorobenzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-p-methoxybenzoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-{D(-)-α-[4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetamido}penicillanic acid,

6-{D(-)-α-[4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetamido}penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-phenylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-isopropyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-pentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-4-n-butyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-5-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-6-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-β-hydroxyethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-carbamoyl-2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(5-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-propionamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-α-methylallyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-β-methylallyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-{D(-)-α-[4-(trans-2-butenyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]phenylacetamido}penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-heptyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-dodecyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-cyclopentyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-phenylaminocarbonyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2-phenyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-morpholinomethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzoyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetoxyethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-allyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-β-chloroethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(6-methyl-4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-heptyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinothiocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[DL-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[DL-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperadinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[DL-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-2-phenyl-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-β,β,β-trichloroethoxycarbonyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-2-methyl-2-phenyl-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid,

pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

β-piperidinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

β-piperidinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

β-morpholinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,

β-morpholinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, etc.

Cephalosporins:

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-heptyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinothiocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinothiocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-6-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1-methyl-1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1-methyl-1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1-methyl-1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-azidomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[3-(2,6-dimethyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazinyl)-thiomethyl]-.DELTA.³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(4-methyloxazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(4-methylthiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(pyridyl-1-oxide)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-(2-thiazolinylthiomethyl)-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1-methylimidazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-(4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-(2-pyrimidinylthiomethyl)-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[3-(6-methylpyridazinyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[1-(4-methylpiperazino)thiocarbonylthiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(3-methylisoxazolyl)carbonylthiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-ethoxythiocarbonylthiomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methanesulfonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methanesulfonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetylaminocarbonyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

7-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid,

methoxymethyl 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylate, etc.

The antibacterial effectiveness tests of typical compounds among the compounds of the present invention are shown below.

(1) The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the compounds against different standard strains are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the plate method disclosed in "Chemotherapy" (Japan), Vol. 16, (1968), pages 98-99. The culture medium used was a Heart infusion agar (pH 7.4). The number of the cells per plate used in the inoculum was 10⁴ (10⁶ cells/ml).

    Table 3       Com-  Staphylo-  Pseudomonas  Proteus pound  coccus Escherichia      aeruginosa Klebsiella vulgaris No. Compound aureus 209p coil NIHJ I.F.O      pneumoniae 3027               (Control)       ##STR186##       <1.57 <1.57 >200 50 >200       ##STR187##       <1.57 <1.57 50 >200 <1.57       ##STR188##       3.13 1.57 50 >2000.79 1       ##STR189##       <1.57 <1.57 25 12.5 3.13 2       ##STR190##       <1.57 <1.57 50 12.5 6.25 3       ##STR191##       <1.57 <1.57 100 3.13 3.13 4       ##STR192##       <1.57 <1.57 25 12.5 3.13 5       ##STR193##       <1.57 <1.57 25 12.5 <1.57 6       ##STR194##       3.13 3.13 50 6.25 6.25 7       ##STR195##       <1.57 <1.57 200 12.5 6.25 8       ##STR196##       <1.57 <1.57 100 6.25 3.13 9       ##STR197##       <1.57 3.13 100 3.13 3.13 10       ##STR198##       <1.57 <1.57 100 6.25 3.13 11       ##STR199##       <1.57 <1.57 50 50 6.25 12       ##STR200##       <1.57 3.13 50 6.25 12.5 13       ##STR201##       <1.57 <1.57 25 <1.57 <1.57 14       ##STR202##       <1.57 < 1.57 25 3.13 <1.57 15       ##STR203##       <1.57 3.13 50 6.25 6.25 16       ##STR204##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 1.57 <1.57 17       ##STR205##       <1.57 <1.5712.5 50 6.25 18       ##STR206##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 25 3.1319       ##STR207##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 50 3.13 20       ##STR208##       3.13 <1.57 12.5 25 3.13 21       ##STR209##       <0.79 1.57 25 25 3.13 22       ##STR210##       <1.57 <1.57 5012.5 6.25 23       ##STR211##       <1.57 <1.57 25 6.25 3.13 24       ##STR212##       3.13 <1.57 50 50 25 25       ##STR213##       <1.57 <1.57 25 50 3.13 26       ##STR214##       <1.57 <1.57 25 25 12.5 27       ##STR215##       <1.57 <1.57 25 25 3.13 28       ##STR216##       <1.57 <1.57 25 25 3.13 29       ##STR217##       3.13 <1.57 12.5 3.13 3.13 30       ##STR218##       <1.57 <1.57 25 6.25 3.13 31       ##STR219##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 6.25 <1.57 32       ##STR220##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 12.5 6.25 33       ##STR221##       <1.57 <1.57 50 6.25 3.13 34       ##STR222##       1.57 3.13 100 50 50 35       ##STR223##       1.57 6.25 100 25 25 36       ##STR224##       <1.57 <1.57 6.25 <1.57 <1.57 37       ##STR225##       <1.57 <1.57 6.25 6.25 <1.57 38       ##STR226##       0.4 <0.1 6.25 3.13 0.4 39       ##STR227##       0.4 <0.1 6.25 1.57 0.4 40       ##STR228##       0.4 <0.1 6.25 3.13 0.4 41       ##STR229##       <1.57 <1.57 25 6.25 <1.5742       ##STR230##       1.57 <1.57 12.5 6.25 <1.57 43       ##STR231##       <1.57 <1.57 6.25 1.57 <1.57 44       ##STR232##       <1.57 <1.57 6.25 <1.57 <1.57 45       ##STR233##       0.79 <0.1 12.5 0.79 0.4 46       ##STR234##       0.2 <0.1 6.25 0.4 0.4 47       ##STR235##       <1.57 <1.57 6.25 <1.57 <1.57 48       ##STR236##       <0.4 <0.4 6.25 25 <0.4 49       ##STR237##       <0.4 0.79 12.5 12.5 1.57 50       ##STR238##       <0.79 <0.79 6.25 6.25 <0.79 51       ##STR239##       <0.4 <0.4 12.5 <0.4 <0.4 52       ##STR240##       0.79 0.79 25 25 1.57 53       ##STR241##       0.79 <0.4 6,25 25 0.79 54       ##STR242##       0.79 0.4 12.5 0.79 0.79 55       ##STR243##       0.79 0.4 6.25 25 0.79 56       ##STR244##       <0.4 <0.4 12.5 1.57 0.79 57       ##STR245##       <0.79 <0.79 12.5 12.5 3.13 58       ##STR246##       <1.57 <1.57 12.5 25 3.13 59       ##STR247##       <1.57 <1/57 25 200 3.13      (Note)      Sodium Carbenicillin and Sodium Sulbenicillin are regarded as preferable      drugs at the level of skill of this technical field, and hence are      described for reference.

                                      Table 4                                      __________________________________________________________________________                                                    Es- Pseudo-                                                               Staphylo-                                                                           cheri-                                                                             monas                                                                              Kleb-                   Com-                                      coccus                                                                              chia                                                                               aeru-                                                                              siella                                                                             Proteus             pound                                     aureus                                                                              coli                                                                               ginosa                                                                             pneu-                                                                              vulgaris            No. Compound                              209p NIHJ                                                                               I.F.O.                                                                             moniae                                                                             3027                __________________________________________________________________________     (Con- trol)                                                                         ##STR248##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             > 200                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             100                     (Sodium Cephaloglycin)                                                          ##STR249##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             > 200                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             100                     (Sodium Cephalothin)                                                            ##STR250##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             > 200                                                                              1.57                                                                               200                     (Sodium Cephazolin)                                                             ##STR251##                           < 1.57                                                                              > 3.13                                                                             200 3.13                                                                               200                     (Cephaloridine)                                                            60                                                                                  ##STR252##                           0.79 < 0.1                                                                              25  3.13                                                                               3.13                61                                                                                  ##STR253##                           < 0.79                                                                              < 0.79                                                                             25  3.13                                                                               3.13                62                                                                                  ##STR254##                           0.79 < 0.1                                                                              50  1.57                                                                               3.13                63                                                                                  ##STR255##                           < 0.79                                                                              < 0.79                                                                             25  < 0.79                                                                             1.57                64                                                                                  ##STR256##                           0.79 < 0.1                                                                              25  1.57                                                                               3.13                65                                                                                  ##STR257##                           3.13 0.79                                                                               25  3.13                                                                               3.13                66                                                                                  ##STR258##                           < 0.79                                                                              < 0.79                                                                             25  0.79                                                                               < 1.57              67                                                                                  ##STR259##                           6.25 < 0.79                                                                             100 3.13                                                                               12.5                68                                                                                  ##STR260##                           1.57 < 0.79                                                                             12.5                                                                               < 0.79                                                                             1.57                69                                                                                  ##STR261##                           < 0.79                                                                              < 0.79                                                                             12.5                                                                               < 0.4                                                                              < 0.79              70                                                                                  ##STR262##                           < 0.79                                                                              1.57                                                                               100 1.56                                                                               < 0.79              71                                                                                  ##STR263##                           < 0.79                                                                              < 0.79                                                                             50  1.56                                                                               < 0.79              72                                                                                  ##STR264##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 0.1                                                                              6.25                                                                               < 0.1                                                                              0.4                 73                                                                                  ##STR265##                           1.57 < 0.1                                                                              25  0.2 1.57                74                                                                                  ##STR266##                           1.57 0.2 12.5                                                                               0.79                                                                               1.57                75                                                                                  ##STR267##                           1.57 < 0.4                                                                              50  1.57                                                                               12.5                76                                                                                  ##STR268##                           1.57 < 0.4                                                                              50  0.79                                                                               3.13                77                                                                                  ##STR269##                           1.57 < 0.1                                                                              25  0.4 1.57                78                                                                                  ##STR270##                           3.13 < 0.1                                                                              12.5                                                                               0.2 0.79                79                                                                                  ##STR271##                           1.57 < 0.1                                                                              3.13                                                                               0.79                                                                               3.13                80                                                                                  ##STR272##                           0.79 < 0.1                                                                              50  3.13                                                                               6.25                81                                                                                  ##STR273##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             12.5                                                                               < 1.57                                                                             < 1.57              82                                                                                  ##STR274##                           1.57 < 0.1                                                                              25  0.79                                                                               0.79                83                                                                                  ##STR275##                           1.57 < 1.57                                                                             25  < 1.57                                                                             < 1.57              84                                                                                  ##STR276##                           < 1.57                                                                              < 1.57                                                                             25  < 1.57                                                                             < 1.57              __________________________________________________________________________      (Note)                                                                          Sodium Cephalothin, Sodium cephazolin and Cephaloridine are regarded as       preferable drugs at the level of skill of this technical field, and hence      are set forth for reference.                                             

(2) The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the compounds against clinical isolates of bacteria are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

MIC was determined in the same manner as in the preceding paragraph (1).

                                      Table 5-1                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Staphylococcus aureus                                                Compound  MS 8619                                                                             MS 8588                                                                             MS 8713                                                                             MS 8596                                                                             MS 8684                                                                             F-1                                                                               F-2                                                                               F-3                                                                               F-4                                                                               F-5                             __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Ampicillin                                                                            <0.4 6.25 3.13 1.56 1.56 12.5                                                                              0.79  12.5                                                                                50                               Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                         0.79 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25                                                                              3.13                                                                              3.13                                                                              12.5                                                                              >200                               Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                         3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              3.13                                                                              6.25                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            Compound No.  1                                                                          1.57 6.25 3.13 3.13 3.13 12.5                                                                              3.13  6.25                                                                              >200                            "    13   0.79 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 12.5                                                                              1.57  6.25                                                                               200                            "    14   0.79 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 12.5                                                                              1.57  6.25                                                                               200                            "    16   <0.4 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              0.79  6.25                                                                               100                            "    30   <0.4 1.57 1.57 1.57 1.57 3.13                                                                              0.79                                                                              0.79                                                                              3.13                                                                               100                            "    36   0.79 3.13 6.25 3.13 3.13 12.5                                                                              3.13                                                                              1.57                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    37   0.79 3.13 12.5 3.13 3.13 12.5                                                                              1.57                                                                              3.13                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    38   0.79 3.13 6.25 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              1.57                                                                              0.79                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    39   0.79 1.57 3.13 1.57 3.13 6.25                                                                              1.57                                                                              1.57                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    40   0.79 3.13 12.5 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              3.13                                                                              0.79                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    45   0.79 3.13 6.25 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              1.57                                                                              1.57                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "     46  <0.4 1.57 6.25 3.13 1.57 6.25                                                                              1.57                                                                              0.79                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200                            "    47   <0.4 3.13 6.25 3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                              1.57                                                                              1.57                                                                              12.5                                                                              >200                            __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 5-2                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Escherichia coli                                                     Compound  GN 3481                                                                             GN 3435                                                                             GN 3452                                                                             GN 3465                                                                              GN 3611                                                                             K-1                                                                               K-2                                                                               K-3  K-4                             __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Ampicillin                                                                            6.25 3.13 6.25       >200 6.25                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200 12.5                               Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                         6.25 6.25 12.5 >200  >200 6.25                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200 12.5                               Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                         12.5 6.25 12.5 >200  >200 6.25                                                                              12.5                                                                              >200 6.25                            Compound No.  1                                                                          12.5 6.25 12.5 200        6.25                                                                              25 >200 12.5                            "    13   6.25 3.13 3.13 25         3.13                                                                              6.25                                                                               100 6.25                            "    14   6.25 6.25 6.25 50         3.13                                                                              12.5                                                                               200 6.25                            "    16   3.13 1.57 1.57 12.5       1.57                                                                              3.13                                                                                50 3.13                            "    30   25   12.5 25   50    >200 12.5                                                                              25 >200 12.5                            "    36   3.13 1.57 3.13 100   >200 3.13                                                                              3.13                                                                              >200 1.57                            "    37   6.25 3.13 12.5 200   >200 12.5                                                                              6.25                                                                              >200 3.13                            "    38   3.13 0.79 3.13 50    >200 3.13                                                                              3.13                                                                              >200 0.79                            "    39   1.57 0.79 0.79 25    >200 1.57                                                                              1.57                                                                              >200 0.79                            "    40   1.57 0.79 1.57 50    >200 1.57                                                                              3.13                                                                              >200 0.79                            "    45   1.57 0.79 1.57 25    >200 0.79                                                                              1.57                                                                               200 0.79                            "    46   3.13 <0.4 0.79 6.25  >200 0.79                                                                              0.79                                                                                 50                                                                               <0.4                            "    47   1.57 0.79 1.57 6.25  >200 1.57                                                                              1.57                                                                               100 0.79                            __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 5-3                                    __________________________________________________________________________                  Pseudomonas aeruginosa                                            Compound     GN 1035                                                                             GN 376                                                                              GN 82                                                                               GN 221                                                                              GN 1091                                                                             GN 2565                                                                             GN2987                                                                              GN 163                                                                              GN                                                                                  GN                   __________________________________________________________________________                                                               383                  Con-                                                                               Sodium                                                                     trol                                                                               Ampicillin                                                                              >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200                     Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                           >200 50   100  25   100  200  50   50   50   50                       Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                           100  50   50   25   50   100  25   50   50   50                   Compound No. 100  25   25   25   25   50   25   25   25   50                   "    13      50   50   50   50   25   50   12.5 25   50   50                   "     14     50   50   25   25   25   50   12.5 25   50   50                   "    16      25   25   6.25 25   12.5 12.5 3.13 12.5 12.5 25                   "    19      100  12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 50   12.5 12.5 25   12.5                 "    30      50   50   25   50   25   50   12.5 25   50   50                   "    36      25   6.25 6.25 3.13 6.25 25   12.5 6.25 12.5 6.25                 "    37      50   12.5 6.25 6.25 12.5 25   25   12.5 50   25                   "    38      12.5 3.13 3.13 6.25 3.13 12.5 6.25 3.13 6.25 6.25                 "    39      12.5 6.25 3.13 3.13 3.13 12.5 3.13 3.13 6.25 6.25                 "    40      25   3.13 6.25 6.25 6.25 12.5 3.13 6.25 6.25 6.25                 "    45      50   25   12.5 3.13 12.5 25   12.5 12.5 25   25                   "    46      50   25   6.25 12.5 12.5 12.5 6.25 6.25 12.5 25                   "    47      25   50   12.5 25   12.5 25   12.5 12.5 25   50                   __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 5-4                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Pseudomonas aeruginosa  Klebsiella pneumoniae                        Compound  S-1   S-2   S-3   S-4   GN 4117                                                                              GN 4081                                                                              GN 3850                                                                              GN 917                     __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Ampicillin                                                                            >200  >200  >200  >200  >200  >200  50    25                            Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                         200   200   200   200   >200  >200        >200                          Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                         100   100   100   100   >200  >200  >200  >200                       Compound No.  1                                                                          50    100   50    50    200   >200  25    25                         "    13   50    50    100   50    25    25    6.25  12.5                       "    14   50    50    100   50    50    50    12.5  25                         "    16   12.5  25    50    25    25    25    3.13  12.5                       "    19   50    50    50    50    >200  >200  100   50                         "    30   50    50    100   50    100   100   25    25                         "     36  50    12.5  25    50    100   100   12.5  6.25                       "    37   200   25    50    100   100   200   25    12.5                       "    38   12.5  12.5  12.5  12.5  50    50    6.25  3.13                       "    39   12.5  12.5  25    12.5  25    25    3.13  1.57                       "    40   12.5  25    25    12.5  50    100   12.5  6.25                       "    45   25    25    50    25    25    25    3.13  1.57                       "    46   50    50    50    50    12.5  12.5  1.57  0.79                       "    47   50    50    50    50    12.5  12.5  3.13  1.57                       __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 5-5                                    __________________________________________________________________________                                                Salmonella                                     Shigella sonnei                                                                            Shigella flexneri                                                                         Salmonella typhi                                                                        typhi-murium                        __________________________________________________________________________     Compound   JS 11755                                                                             JS 11232                                                                             JS 11215                                                                             JS 11839                                                                            SL 2169                                                                             SL 819                                                                             SL 2136                                                                            SL 858                          Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Ampicillin                                                                             6.25  >200        1.57 0.78 1.56                                                                               >200                                                                               3.13                               Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                          12.5  >200  >200  12.5 3.13 6.25                                                                               >200                                                                               12.5                               Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                          >200  >200  >200  12.5 1.57 6.25                                                                               >200                                                                               25                              Compound No.  1                                                                           12.5  >200  100   3.13 6.25 6.25                                                                               >200                                                                               12.5                            "    13    3.13  12.5  12.5  1.57 3.13 6.25                                                                               200 0.79                            "    14    6.25  25    25    3.13 3.13 6.25                                                                               200 1.57                            "    16    1.57  6.25  6.25  0.79 1.57 3.13                                                                               100 1.57                            "    36    3.13  50    100   3.13 1.57 1.57                                                                               >200                                                                               6.25                            "     37   6.25  100   >200  6.25 3.13 6.25                                                                               >200                                                                               12.5                            "    38    3.13  50    25    1.57 0.79 1.57                                                                               200 3.13                            "    39    1.57  25    25    0.79 0.79 0.79                                                                               100 0.79                            "    40    3.13  50    50    3.13 1.57 1.57                                                                               >200                                                                               6.25                            "    45    1.57  25    25    1.57 0.79 1.57                                                                               200 0.79                            "    46    0.79  12.5  6.25  0.79 0.79 1.57                                                                               50  <0.4                            "    47    0.79  6.25  6.25  1.57 1.57 3.13                                                                               50  <0.4                            __________________________________________________________________________

                  Table 5-6                                                        ______________________________________                                                    Proteus                                                             Compound     mirabilis                                                                               morganii vulgaris                                                                             rettgeri                                  ______________________________________                                         Con- Sodium                                                                    trol Ampicillin  <1.57    <1.57  <1.5  200                                          Sodium                                                                         Carbenicillin                                                                              0.8      0.4    0.8   >200                                         Sodium                                                                         Sulbenicillin                                                                              0.79     <0.4   <0.4  >200                                    Compound No. 16                                                                             1.56     1.56     0.8   6.25                                      "    30      3.13     3.13     3.13  12.5                                      "    36      <0.4     <0.4     <0.4  12.5                                      "    37      0.79     0.79     <0.4  25                                        "    38      <0.4     <0.4     <0.4  12.5                                      "     39     <0.4     <0.4     <0.4  6.25                                      "    40      <0.4     0.79     <0.4  6.25                                      "    45      <0.4     0.79     <0.4  6.25                                      "    46      <0.4     <0.4     <0.4  3.13                                      "    47      <0.4     <0.4     <0.4  0.79                                      ______________________________________                                    

                                      Table 6-1                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Staphylococcus aureus                                                Compound  MS 8619                                                                             MS 8588                                                                             MS 8713                                                                             MS 8596                                                                             MS 8684                                                                             F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 F-5                         __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Cephaloglycin                                                                         1.56 3.13 3.13 1.56 1.56 3.13                                                                               1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               3.13                                                                               25                             Sodium                                                                         Cephalothin                                                                           <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               1.56                           Sodium                                                                         Cephazolin                                                                            <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 0.78                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               0.78                           Cephalorizine                                                                         <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               <0.4                                                                               0.78                        Compound No. 60                                                                          0.78 1.56 0.78 0.78 1.56 3.13                                                                               0.78                                                                               1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               50                          "    61   1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 3.13                                                                               1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               3.13                                                                               50                          "    62   0.78 1.56 1.56 0.78 1.56 3.13                                                                               0.78                                                                               1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               12.5                        "    63   0.78 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 3.13                                                                               0.78                                                                               1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               12.5                        "    68   0.78 1.56 3.13 1.56 1.56 1.56                                                                               1.56                                                                               0.78                                                                               6.25                                                                               0.78                        "    69   0.78 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 3.13                                                                               1.56                                                                               0.78                                                                               3.13                                                                               0.78                        "    72   1.56 1.56 --   3.13 1.56 1.56                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    73   1.56 1.56 --   3.13 1.56 1.56                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    74   0.78 0.78 --   0.78 0.78 0.78                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    77   1.56 1.56 --   1.56 1.56 1.56                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    78   1.56 3.13 --   3.13 1.56 3.13                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    79   1.56 3.13 --   3.13 1.56 1.56                                                                               --  --  --  --                          "    82   1.56 3.13 --   3.13 1.56 3.13                                                                               --  --  --  --                          __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 6-2                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Escherichia coli                                                     Compound  GN 3481                                                                             GN 3435                                                                             GN 3452                                                                             GN 3465                                                                             GN 3611                                                                             K-1                                                                               K-2                                                                               K-3                                                                               K-4                                __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Cephaloglycin                                                                         3.13 1.56 3.13 12.5 25   1.56                                                                              1.56                                                                              25 12.5                                  Sodium                                                                         Cephalothin                                                                           12.5 6.25 12.5 25   50   6.25                                                                              6.25                                                                              100                                                                               25                                    Sodium                                                                         Cephazolin                                                                            1.56 1.56 1.56 6.25 25   1.56                                                                              1.56                                                                              >200                                                                              3.13                                  Cephalorizine                                                                         3.13 3.13 3.13 50   100  3.13                                                                              3.13                                                                              200                                                                               6.25                               Compound No. 60                                                                          6.25 6.25 12.5 100  >200 6.25                                                                              12.5                                                                              200                                                                               25                                 "    61   3.13 3.13 6.25 50   200  3.13                                                                              6.25                                                                              100                                                                               6.25                               "    62   6.25 6.25 6.25 25   200  6.25                                                                              12.5                                                                              200                                                                               12.5                               "    63   3.13 3.13 12.5 25   100  3.13                                                                              6.25                                                                              50 6.25                               "    72   --   0.1  0.2  1.56 --   -- 0.39                                                                              -- 0.39                               "    73   --   0.78 0.78 1.56 --   -- 1.56                                                                              -- 0.78                               "    74   --   0.78 1.56 1.56 --   -- 3.13                                                                              -- 1.56                               "    77   --   1.56 1.56 6.25 --   -- 3.13                                                                              -- 1.56                               "    78   --   0.39 0.39 1.56 --   -- 0.78                                                                              -- 0.39                               "    79   --   0.39 0.39 3.13 --   -- 1.56                                                                              -- 0.78                               "    82   --   1.56 1.56 6.25 --   -- 6.25                                                                              -- 1.56                               __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 6-3                                    __________________________________________________________________________                Pseudomonas aeruginosa                                              Compound   GN 1035                                                                             GN 376                                                                              GN 82                                                                              GN 221                                                                              GN 1091                                                                             GN 2565                                                                             GN 2987                                                                             GN 163                                                                              GN 244                                                                              GN                      __________________________________________________________________________                                                            383                     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Cephaloglycin                                                                          >200 >200 >200                                                                               >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200                       Sodium                                                                         Cephalothin                                                                            >200 >200 >200                                                                               >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200                       Sodium                                                                         Cephazolin                                                                             >200 >200 >200                                                                               >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200                       Cephalorizine                                                                          >200 >200 >200                                                                               >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200 >200                    Compound No. 60                                                                           200  50   50  12.5 50   100  50   50   50   50                      "    61    100  12.5 25  6.25 25   50   25   25   25   12.5                    "     62   200  100  100 50   100  100  50   50   100  100                     "    63    100  50   50  25   50   50   25   25   50   25                      "    68    50   12.5 6.25                                                                               3.13 12.5 50   12.5 12.5 25   12.5                    "    69    50   12.5 12.5                                                                               6.25 12.5 50   12.5 12.5 25   25                      "    72    25   6.25 6.25                                                                               6.25 6.25 25   --   --   12.5 12.5                    "    73    50   12.5 12.5                                                                               12.5 12.5 25   --   --   12.5 12.5                    "    74    25   50   25  50   25   50   --   --   25   50                      "    77    50   25   25  12.5 25   50   --   --   25   25                      "    78    25   12.5 12.5                                                                               6.25 25   12.5 --   --   12.5 25                      "    79    25   6.25 12.5                                                                               6.25 12.5 25   --   --   12.5 12.5                    "    82    50   25   50  25   50   50   --   --   50   50                      __________________________________________________________________________

                                      Table 6-4                                    __________________________________________________________________________               Pseudomonas aeruginosa  Klebsiella pneumoniae                        Compound  S-1   S-2   S-3   S-4   GN 4117                                                                             GN 4081                                                                             GN 917                             __________________________________________________________________________     Con-                                                                              Sodium                                                                      trol                                                                              Cephaloglycin                                                                         >200  >200  >200  >200  3.13 3.13 1.56                                  Sodium                                                                         Cephalothin                                                                           >200  >200  >200  >200  6.25 12.5 3.13                                  Sodium                                                                         Cephazolin                                                                            >200  >200  >200  >200  3.13 3.13 1.56                                  Cephalorizine                                                                         >200  >200  >200  >200  12.5 12.5 3.13                               Compound No. 60                                                                          200   100   100   100   25   25   6.25                               "    61   50    50    50    50    12.5 12.5 6.25                               "    62   200   200   200   200   25   12.5 6.25                               "    63   100   100   100   100   6.25 6.25 3.13                               "    68   25    25    25    25    --   --   1.56                               "    69   25    25    50    50    --   --   0.78                               "     72  12.5  --    --    --    --   1.56 0.2                                "    73   50    --    --    --    --   1.56 0.78                               "    74   50    --    --    --    --   1.56 1.56                               "    77   50    --    --    --    --   3.13 1.56                               "    78   25    --    --    --    --   3.13 0.39                               "    79   25    --    --    --    --   12.5 0.78                               "    82   100   --    --    --    --   6.25 1.56                               __________________________________________________________________________

                  Table 6-5                                                        ______________________________________                                                   Proteus                                                              Compound    mirabilis morganii  vulgaris                                                                              rettgeri                                ______________________________________                                         Sodium                                                                         Cephaloglycin                                                                              3.13      1.56      50     50                                      Compound No. 60                                                                            3.13      3.13      1.56   6.25                                    "    61     1.56      1.56      0.8    3.13                                    "    62     6.25      3.13      3.13   6.25                                    "    63     3.13      3.13      1.56   3.13                                    "    72     0.78      0.78      0.39   1.56                                    "    73     0.39      0.78      0.78   3.13                                    "    74     0.39      0.78      0.78   6.25                                    "    77     1.56      1.56      0.78   1.56                                    "    78     1.56      1.56      0.39   1.56                                    "    79     1.56      1.56      0.39   3.13                                    "    82     3.13      1.56      0.78   6.25                                    ______________________________________                                    

(3) Resistant activity against β-lactamase, Pseudomonas aerugionsa GN 238:

The resistant activity of each compound against β-lactamase was measured in the manner described below.

β-Lactamase was prepared from Pseudomonas aeruginosa GN 238. This microorganism was cultured in 100 ml of a medium containing 2 g of yeast extract, 10 g of polypeptone, 2 g of glucose, 7 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 g of ammonium sulfate and 0.4 g of magnesium sulfate, per liter, in a 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask for 6 hrs. at 37° C. with shaking. The resulting cells were collected by centrifugation (5,000 r.p.m. × 10 min.), washed three times with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). Subsequently, the cells were subjected to sonication (20 KH_(z), 20 min.) and then centrifuged at 15,000 r.p.m. for 60 min. By using the supernatant of enzyme fluid, the resistance of each compound against β-lactamase was determined by the iodometric assay method. The results obtained were as set forth in Table 7. Each numeral shown in Table 7 is a relative activity value calculated by assuming as 100 the activity of the control Potassium Penicillin G.

                  Table 7-1                                                        ______________________________________                                         Comparison of resistant activity                                               against β-lactamase                                                                             Relative activity                                        Compound              (%)                                                      ______________________________________                                         Con-    Potassium Penicillin G                                                                           100                                                  trol    Sodium Ampicillin 115                                                          Sodium Carbenicillin                                                                             116                                                          Sodium Sulbenicillin                                                                             50                                                           Compound No. 30   3                                                            "    36           14                                                           "    37           15                                                           "    38           15                                                           "    39           15                                                           "    40           15                                                           "    45           16                                                           "    46           12                                                           "    47           1                                                    ______________________________________                                    

(4) Resistant activity of each cephalosporin compound against β-lactamase, Proteus vulgaris GN 76 and Escherichia freundii GN 346:

The resistant activity of each cephalosporin compound against β-lactamase was measured in the manner described below.

β-lactamase was prepared from Proteus vulgaris GN 76 and Esherichia freundii GN 346. 10 ml of an overnight culture in Heart Infusion broth was diluted with 100 ml of a medium containing 2 g of yeast extract, 10 g of polypeptone, 2 g of glucose, 7 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 g of ammonium sulfate and 0.4 g of magnesium sulfate, per liter, and incubated with shaking at 37° C. After incubation of 2 hrs, Penicillin G (50 μg/ml) was added as the inducer, and further incubated for 2 hrs. The resulting cells were collected by centrifugation (5,000 r.p.m. × 10 min.) and washed two times with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). Subsequently, the cells were subjected to sonication (20 KHz, 5 min.) and then centrifuged at 15,000 r.p.m. for 60 min. By using the supernatant of enzyme fluid, the stability of each compound against β-lactamase was determined by the iodometric assay method. The results obtained were as set forth in Table 7-2. Each numeral shown in Table 7-2 is a relative activity value calculated by assuming as 100 the activity of the control Cephalorizine.

                  Table 7-2                                                        ______________________________________                                         Comparison of relative activity against β-lactamase                                       Relative activity (%)                                                            Pr. vulgaris                                                                               E. freundii                                      Compound          GN 76       GN 346                                           ______________________________________                                         Con- Cephalorigine    100         100                                          trol Sodium Cephalexin                                                                               150         29                                                Sodium Cephaloglycin                                                                            1300        0.3                                               Sodium Cephalothin                                                                              105         17                                                Sodium Cephazoline                                                                              440         150                                               Compound No. 63  6           0.2                                               "    67          5           0.4                                               "    69          4           0.1                                               "    72          7           0.2                                               "    73          4           0.1                                               "    74          5           0.03                                              "    76          11          1                                                 "    81          6           0.4                                               "    84          10          1                                            ______________________________________                                    

From Tables 3 to 6, it is understood that the compounds of the present invention have a broader anti-bacterial spectrum and more excellent antibacterial activity against not only Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus species but also many drug-resistant bacteria than the control ampicillin and cephaloglycin, i.e. compounds having an amino group at the α-position of the acyl group. It is also understood from Table 7-1 and Table 7-2 that the compounds of the present invention are far higher in resistance to β-lactamase than the control drugs.

As is clear from the above results, the compounds represented by the formula (Ie), among the compounds of the present invention, show prominent effects, and particularly preferable compounds are those of the formula (Ie), in which A represents a hydrogen atom, or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group; and R² and R³ represent individually a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

The present penicillins and cephalosporins have generally low toxicity. For example, 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid and 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid have LD₅₀ (i.v. in mouse having a weight of 19 ± 1 g) greater than 5 g/kg.

The compounds of formula (I) of the present invention may be administered not only in the form of free acids but also in the form of non-toxic salts or physiologically acceptable esters. Furthermore, the compounds, when in the form of physiologically unacceptable esters, are ordinarily put into use after bringing them into the form of free acids or non-toxic salts by removing the ester-forming group according to a conventional procedure known in this technical field.

The compounds of the present invention can be administered to humans and animals after formulating them into a physiological form such as a tablet, capsule, syrup, injection or the like which is usually adopted in the case of penicillin and cephalosporin type drugs.

Procedures for producing the compounds of the present invention are shown below with reference to examples.

EXAMPLE 1

(1) To a mixture comprising 2.5 g of 1-acetyl-3-oxo-piperazine, 3.45 g of triethylamine and 20 ml of anhydrous dioxane was added a solution of 3.71 g of trimethylchlorosilane in 10 ml of anhydrous dioxane. The resulting mixture was refluxed for 17 hours and cooled to deposit triethylamine hydrochloride, which was then removed by filtration. The filtrate was dropped at -40° to -30° C. into a solution of 1.8 g of phosgene in 30 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride. After the dropping, the resulting mixture was elevated in temperature, and reacted at room temperature for 30 minutes. Subsequently, the excess phosgene and the solvent were removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 3.5 g of pale brown, oily 4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (film) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1790, 1710, 1640

(2) A suspension of 1.0 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine with stirring, and then cooled to 0° C. Into the thus treated suspension was dropped a solution of 900 mg of the aforesaid 4-acetyl-2-oxopiperazinocarbonyl chloride in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran at said temperature over a period of 30 minutes. During this period, the pH of the suspension was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the temperature of the resulting mixture was elevated to 5° to 10° C., and the mixture was reacted at said temperature for 1 hour while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by reduced pressure distillation, and the residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 30 ml of ethyl acetate and 10 ml of water. The resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 to 2 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling, and then the organic layer was separated off. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting organic layer was combined with the aforesaid organic layer. The combined organic layer was washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then ice-cooled. Into this organic layer was dropped a solution of 470 mg of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 20 ml of ethyl acetate to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with ethyl acetate and then dried to obtain 1.4 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 205° C. (decomp.), yield 94%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1760 (lactam), 1600 - 1700 (--COO.sup.⊖, --CON<)

NMR [(CD₃)₂ SO + D₂ O]τvalues: 2.73 (5H), 4.35 (1H), 4.75 (2H), 5.75 (1H), 5.84 (2H), 6.42 (4H), 8.03 (3H), 8.52 (3H), 8.64 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 8, to obtain the respective objective compounds as shown in Table 8. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 8                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                           Objective compound                                        __________________________________________________________________________                          D(-)-                                                      ##STR277##                                                                                          ##STR278##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR279##                                                                                          ##STR280##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR281##                                                                                          ##STR282##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR283##                                                                                          ##STR284##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR285##                                                                                          ##STR286##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR287##                                                                                          ##STR288##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR289##                                                                                          ##STR290##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR291##                                                                                          ##STR292##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR293##                                                                                          ##STR294##                                                                    D(-)-                                                      ##STR295##                                                                                          ##STR296##                                               __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 2

(1) Into a solution of 1.74 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-aminophenylacetic acid in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water which had been cooled to 0° C., a solution of 2.5 g of 4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran was dropped at said temperature over a period of 30 minutes. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 11.0 to 12.0 by gradual addition of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Subsequently, the temperature of the resulting mixed solution was elevated to 5° to 10° C., and the solution was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours while maintaining the pH thereof at 10.0 to 11.0 by addition of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by reduced pressure distillation. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 20 ml of water and 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.0 to 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. To this organic layer, a solution of 1.66 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 20 ml of ethyl acetate was added to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with ethyl acetate and then dried to obtain 1.89 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 115° C. (decomp.), yield 52%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : --ν_(C)═O 1690, 1650-1600

(2) -- To a suspension in 15 ml of anhydrous acetone of 833 mg of the above-mentioned sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was added 10 mg of N-methylmorpholine. The resulting mixture was cooled to -20° to -15° C., and a solution of 286 mg of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 5 ml of anhydrous acetone was dropped into said mixture over a period of 5 minutes. Subsequently, the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 60 minutes. Into the thus treated mixture, a solution of 646 mg of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 30 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride was dropped at -40° to -30° C. over a period of 10 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted with stirring at -30° to -20° C. for 60 minutes, at -20° to -10° C. for 30 minutes, and at -10° to 0° C. for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the organic solvent was removed by reduced pressure distillation. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 50 ml of ethyl acetate and 20 ml of water, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 to 2.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, sufficiently washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the ethyl acetate was removed by reduced pressure distillation. The residue was dissolved in 50 ml of acetone, and the resulting solution was mixed with a solution of 340 mg of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 20 ml of acetone with ice-cooling to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with acetone and then dried to obtain 1.16 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 205° C. (decomp.), yield 94%.

EXAMPLE 3

(1) -- To a mixture comprising 1.0 g of 1-palmitoyl-3-oxo-piperazine, 0.6 g of triethylamine and 20 ml of anhydrous dioxane was added a solution of 0.65 g of trimethylchlorosilane in 10 ml of anhydrous dioxane. The resulting mixture was refluxed for 16 hours and cooled to deposit triethylamine hydrochloride, which was then removed by filtration. The filtrate was dropped at -40° to -30° C. into a solution of 0.6 g of phosgene in 30 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride. After the dropping, the temperature of the resulting mixture was elevated and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 30 minutes. Subsequently, the excess phosgene and the solvent were removed by reduced pressure distillation to obtain 1.1 g of pale yellow, oily 4-palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (film) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1740, 1660, 1640

(2) -- A suspension of 1.0 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine with stirring, and then cooled to 0° C. Into the thus treated suspension, a solution of 1.27 g of the aforesaid palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran was dropped at said temperature over a period of 30 minutes. During this period, the pH of the suspension was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the temperature of the resulting mixture was elevated to 5° to 10° C., and the mixture was reacted at said temperature for 1 hour while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by reduced pressure distillation, and the residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 30 ml of ethyl acetate and 10 ml of water. The resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.0 to 2.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling, and then the organic layer was separated off. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting organic layer was combined with the aforesaid organic layer. The combined organic layer was washed with water, and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. This organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the concentrate was charged into 10 ml of diisopropyl ether to deposit crystals. Thereafter, the crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 1.65 g of white crystals of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 121°-123° C. (decomp.), yield 80%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770 (lactam), 1730 (--COOH), 1660-1630 (--CON<).

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-palmitoyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 9, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 9. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 9                                      __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                             Objective compound                                      __________________________________________________________________________                            D(-)-                                                    ##STR297##                                                                                            ##STR298##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR299##                                                                                            ##STR300##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR301##                                                                                            ##STR302##                                              ##STR303##                                                                                            ##STR304##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR305##                                                                                            ##STR306##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR307##                                                                                            ##STR308##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR309##                                                                                            ##STR310##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR311##                                                                                            ##STR312##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR313##                                                                                            ##STR314##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR315##                                                                                            ##STR316##                                                                    D(-)-                                                    ##STR317##                                                                                            ##STR318##                                             __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 4

(1) -- To a solution of 6.4 g of 1-formyl-3-oxo-piperazine in 10 ml of anhydrous dimethylformamide was added 2.7 g of a sodium hydride (purity 53%) with ice-cooling, and the resulting mixture was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour. Subsequently, the mixture was incorporated with 7.1 g of methyl iodide and reacted for 10 hours. After the reaction, the dimethylformamide was removed by reduced pressure distillation to obtain 1-formyl-4-methyl-3-oxo-piperazine. This piperazine was dissolved in 70 ml of a 50% aqueous acetone solution containing 2.2 g of sodium hydroxide, and the resulting solution was reacted at room temperature for 3 hours. Thereafter, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was charged into acetone to deposit insolubles. The insolubles were separated by filtration, and the acetone was removed from the filtrate by distillation under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the residue was subjected to reduced pressure distillation to obtain 5.2 g of 1-methyl-2-oxo-piperazine, b.p. 104° C/4 mmHg, yield 91%.

(2) -- Into a solution of 1.9 g of phosgene in 20 ml of anhydrous dioxane was dropped at 10° C. 20 ml of an anhydrous dioxane solution containing 2.0 g of 1-methyl-2-oxo-piperazine and 1.95 g of triethylamine, upon which reaction took place to deposit white crystals of triethylamine hydrochloride. The deposited crystals were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness to obtain 3.0 g of pale yellow, oily 4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (film) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1710, 1630

(3) -- A suspension of 4.0 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine with stirring, and then cooled to 0° C. Into the thus treated suspension, 10 ml of a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 2.2 g of the aforesaid 4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was dropped. During this period, the pH of the suspension was maintained at 7.5 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the resulting mixture was reacted at said temperature for 30 minutes, and the temperature thereof was elevated to 10° to 15° C., after which the mixture was further reacted at said temperature for 90 minutes while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 30 ml of water. The resulting solution was washed with ethyl acetate, and then the aqueous layer was separated off. This aqueous layer was ice-cooled and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed several times with a small amount of water, dried, and then dissolved in 100 ml of acetone. To the resulting solution was added 1.9 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid with ice-cooling to deposit white crystals, which were then collected by filtration to obtain 5.4 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 195° C. (decomp.), yield 92%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1760 (lactam), 1600-1660 (--CON<, --COO.sup.⊖)

NMR [(CD₃)₂ SO + D₂ O] τ values: 2.62 (5H), 4.48 (1H), 4.56 (2H), 5.97 (3H), 6.63-6.39 (4H), 7.13 (3H), 8.46 (3H), 8.55 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 10, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 10. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 10                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                            Objective compound                                       __________________________________________________________________________                           D(-)-                                                     ##STR319##                                                                                           ##STR320##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 206 - 207° C, yield 90 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR321##                                                                                           ##STR322##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 207°  C, yield 96 %                                      D(-)-                                                     ##STR323##                                                                                           ##STR324##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 208° C, yield 87 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR325##                                                                                           ##STR326##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 200° C, yield 96 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR327##                                                                                           ##STR328##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 185° C, yield 90 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR329##                                                                                           ##STR330##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 193 - 197° C, yield 74 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR331##                                                                                           ##STR332##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 199 - 202° C, yield 93 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR333##                                                                                           ##STR334##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 191 - 194° C, yield 88 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR335##                                                                                           ##STR336##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 100 - 105° C, yield 90 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR337##                                                                                           ##STR338##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 100 - 105° C, yield 67 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR339##                                                                                           ##STR340##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 202° C, yield 66 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR341##                                                                                           ##STR342##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 215° C, yield 65 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR343##                                                                                           ##STR344##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 213° C, yield 70 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR345##                                                                                           ##STR346##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 203 - 206° C, yield 82 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR347##                                                                                           ##STR348##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 216 - 218° C, yield 87 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR349##                                                                                           ##STR350##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 200° C, yield 98 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR351##                                                                                           ##STR352##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 208° C, yield 75                   __________________________________________________________________________                           %                                                   

EXAMPLE 5

(1) -- A solution of 1.0 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-aminophenyl acetic acid in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was cooled to 0° to 5° C. To this solution was added 1.2 g of 2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride over a period of 10 minutes. During this period, the pH of the solution was maintained at 11.0 to 12.0 by gradual addition of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The solution was reacted at said temperature for 1 hour, and the temperature thereof was elevated to 5° to 10° C, after which the mixture was further reacted at said temperature for 2 hours, while maintaining the pH thereof at 10.0 to 11.0 by addition of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. After the reaction, tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 20 ml of water and 50 ml of ethyl acetate. The resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling, and then the organic layer was separated off. The aqueous layer was further extracted with 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting organic layer was combined with the aforesaid organic layer. The combined organic layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. To this organic layer was added 0.9 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and then dried to obtain 1.26 g of white crystals of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 215° C. (decomp.), yield 70%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1650-1590

(2) -- To a suspension in 15 ml of anhydrous acetone of 1.0 g of the above-mentioned sodium salt of D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was added 10 mg of N-methylmorpholine. The resulting mixture was cooled to -20° to -15° C., and a solution of 380 mg of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 5 ml of anhydrous acetone was dropped into said mixture over a period of 5 minutes. Subsequently, the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 60 minutes, and then cooled to -40° to -30° C. Into the thus treated mixture was dropped a solution of 960 mg of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 10 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride over a period of 10 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted with stirring at -30° to -20° C. for 60 minutes, at -20° to -10° C. for 30 minutes, and at -10° to 0° C. for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the organic solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 20 ml of water and 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, sufficiently washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. To this organic layer was added 0.5 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid with ice-cooling to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, and then dried to obtain 1.39 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 208° C. (decomp.), yield 90%.

In the same manner as above, 2.0 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 195° C. (decomp.), yield 86%, was obtained from 1.59 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionic acid and 1.59 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1760 (lactam), 1680-1600 (--CON<, --COO.sup.⊖)

EXAMPLE 6

(1) -- Into a solution of 0.5 g of phosgene in 10 ml of anhydrous dioxane was dropped at 10° C. 10 ml of anhydrous dioxane containing 0.56 g of 1-allyl-2-oxo-piperazine and 0.5 g of triethylamine, upon which reaction took place to deposit white crystals of triethylamine hydrochloride. Subsequently, the deposited crystals were collected by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness to obtain 800 mg of pale yellow, oily 4-allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (film) cm⁻⁻¹ : - ν_(C)═O 1720, 1640

(2) -- A suspension of 1.4 g of 6[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine with stirring, and then cooled to 0° C. Into the thus treated suspension was dropped 10 ml of a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 800 mg of the aforesaid 4-allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride. During this period, the pH of the suspension was maintained at 7.5 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the resulting mixture was reacted at said temperature for 30 minutes, and the temperature thereof was then elevated to 10° to 15° C., after which the mixture was further reacted at said temperature for 90 minutes while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 20 ml of water. The resulting solution was washed with ethyl acetate, and the aqueous layer was then separated off. This aqueous layer was ice-cooled and adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with water and then dried to obtain 1.8 g of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 92° C. (decomp.), yield 90%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1760 (lactam), 1720-1620 (--COOH, --CON<)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-allyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 11, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 11. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 11                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                            Objective compound                                       __________________________________________________________________________                           D(-)-                                                     ##STR353##                                                                                           ##STR354##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 102° C, yield 80 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR355##                                                                                           ##STR356##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 90° C, yield 85 %                                        D(-)-                                                     ##STR357##                                                                                           ##STR358##                                              (trans-)              (trans-)                                                                       m.p. (decomp.) 95° C, yield 84 %                                        D(-)-                                                     ##STR359##                                                                                           ##STR360##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 128 -  130° C, yield 97 %                                D(-)-                                                     ##STR361##                                                                                           ##STR362##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 120° C, yield 94 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR363##                                                                                           ##STR364##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 110° C, yield 98 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR365##                                                                                           ##STR366##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 106° C, yield 96 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR367##                                                                                           ##STR368##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 134° C, yield 87 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR369##                                                                                           ##STR370##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 150 - 153° C, yield 76 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR371##                                                                                           ##STR372##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 125 - 128° C, yield 79.5           __________________________________________________________________________                           %                                                   

EXAMPLE 7

Using 0.63 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid and 600 mg of a hydrochloride of 4-(N-morpholinomethyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 6 was repeated to obtain 0.63 g of 6-{D(-)-α-[4-(N-morpholinomethyl)-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino]-phenylacetamido}penicillanic acid, m.p. 85° C. (decomp.), yield 60%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O : 1770 (lactam), 1600 -1680 (--COO.sup.⊖, --CON<)

EXAMPLE 8

Using 5.0 g of a hydrochloride of pivaloyloxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid and 1.94 g of 2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 6 was repeated to obtain 5.2 g of a pivaloyloxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(2-methyl-3-oxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid, m.p. 140° C. (decomp.), yield 80%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1740-1770 (lactam, ester) 1630-1670 (--CON<)

EXAMPLE 9

(1)--Into a mixture comprising 8.0 g of 4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-piperazine, 5.0 g of triethylamine and 100 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was dropped 6.0 g of trimethylchlorosilane with stirring at room temperature. After the dropping, the resulting mixture was reacted at said temperature for 2 hours to deposit triethylamine hydrochloride. The deposited hydrochloride was separated by filtration, and the filtrate was dropped at 0° to 5° C. into 100 ml of an anhydrous tetrahydrofuran solution containing 10.0 g of phosgene. After completion of the dropping, the resulting mixture was stirred at 10° to 15° C. for 3 hours to terminate the reaction. Subsequently, the tetrahydrofuran and the excess phosgene were removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 11.0 g of oily 4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

(2)--A suspension of 17.5 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition or triethylamine with stirring at 10° to 15° C. to form a homogeneous solution. Into this solution was dropped a solution of 11.0 g of the aforesaid 4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran at 0° C. over a period of 30 minutes. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the temperature of the resulting mixed solution was elevated to 5° to 10° C. and the solution was further reacted for 1 hour while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. After completion of the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. To the residue was added 100 cc of N hydrochloric acid at 0° to 10° C., and the resulting mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, and again suspended in water. The resulting aqueous suspension was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine at 5° to 10° C., and then freed from insolubles by filtration. The filtrate was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by gradual addition of N hydrochloric acid to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with water and then dried to obtain 21.2 g of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 162°-164° C. (decomp.), yield 80%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1770 (lactam), 1730-1660 (--COOH, --CON<)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ CO)τ values:

0.23 (1H), 2.65 (5H), 4.26 (1H), 4.33-4.63 (2H), 5.38 (4H), 5.68 (1H), 7.55 (3H), 8.47 (3H), 8.53 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 12, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 12. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 12                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                             Objective compound                                      __________________________________________________________________________                            D(-)-                                                    ##STR373##                                                                                            ##STR374##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 88° C, yield 60 %                                        D(-)-                                                    ##STR375##                                                                                            ##STR376##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 179 - 181° C, yield 83 %                                 D(-)-                                                    ##STR377##                                                                                            ##STR378##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 88° C, yield 82 %                                        D(-)-                                                    ##STR379##                                                                                            ##STR380##                                                                    m.p. 214 - 215° C, yield 89.6 %                                         D(-)-                                                    ##STR381##                                                                                            ##STR382##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 176 - 181° C, yield 84.4 %                               D(-)-                                                    ##STR383##                                                                                            ##STR384##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 148 - 151° C, yield 92 %                                 D(-)-                                                    ##STR385##                                                                                            ##STR386##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 95 - 100° C, yield 91 %                                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR387##                                                                                            ##STR388##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 120 - 125° C, yield 92 %                                 D(-)-                                                    ##STR389##                                                                                            ##STR390##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 147 - 149° C, yield 89            __________________________________________________________________________                            %                                                  

EXAMPLE 10

(1)--A suspension of 8.0 g of D(-)-α-aminophenyl acetic acid in 80 ml of tetrahydrofuran was adjusted to a pH of 11.5 by gradual addition of a N sodium hydroxide solution with stirring to form a homogeneous solution. This solution was cooled to 0° C., and 15 ml of a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 11 g of 4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was dropped at said temperature into said solution over a period of 30 minutes. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 10.5 to 11.0 by gradual addition of a N sodium hydroxide solution. Subsequently, the temperature of the resulting mixed solution was elevated to 5° to 10° C., and the mixture was further reacted for 1 hour, upon which D(-)-α-aminophenylacetic acid deposited. After completion of the reaction, the deposited acid was separated by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove tetrahydrofuran. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 10 ml of water and 80 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then charged into 100 ml of an ethyl acetate solution containing 8.3 g of sodium 2-ethylhexanoate to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with acetone, and then dried over P₂ O₅ to obtain 7.9 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 104° C. (decomp.), yield 42%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1690-1650, 1600-1590

(2)--To a suspension in 25 ml of anhydrous acetone of 1.75 g of the aforesaid sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenyl acetic acid was added 20 mg of N-methylmorpholine, and the resulting mixture was cooled to -20° to -15° C. Into this mixture was dropped a solution of 0.57 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 5 ml of anhydrous acetone over a period of 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 60 minutes. Subsequently, a solution of 1.29 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 30 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride was dropped into said mixture at -40° to -30° C. over a period of 10 minutes. The temperature of the resulting mixture was elevated from -30° C. to 0° C., and the mixture was then reacted at said temperature for about 2 hours. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was charged into 30 ml of water, and the resulting mixture was freed from insolubles by filtration with ice-cooling. The filtrate was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 to 2.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with water, and then dried to obtain 2.34 g of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetyl-2,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 162°-164° C. (decomp.), yield 90%.

In the same manner as above, 530 mg of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 95°-100° C., yield 82.68%, was obtained from 450 mg of D(-)-α-(4-benzyl-2,2-pentamethylene-3,5-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 320 mg of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770 (Lactam), 1700-1660 (--COOH, --CON<)

EXAMPLE 11

(1)--Into a mixture comprising 8 g of a diethyl ester of oxalic acid and 8 ml of ethanol was dropped at room temperature 4.4 g of N-ethyl ethylenediamine. The resulting mixture was allowed to react for 3 hours, an then heated to remove the ethanol. Subsequently, the residue was recrystallized from 10 ml of dioxane to obtain 5.4 g of 1-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine, m.p. 124° C., yield 76.0%.

(2)--To a suspension of 0.71 g of the abovementioned 1-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-piperazine in 15 ml of anhydrous dioxane were added with stirring 0.70 g of trimethylsilyl chloride and 0.83 ml of triethylamine. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours to deposit triethylamine hydrochloride. This hydrochloride was separated by filtration, and the filtrate was dropped at 5° to 10° C. into a solution of 0.70 g of phosgene in 10 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. Subsequently, the resulting mixture was reacted at 5° to 10° C. for 30 minutes and at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 1.0 g of pale yellow crystals of 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780, 1660

(3)--A suspension of 1.75 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by addition of triethylamine with stirring to form a solution. This solution was cooled to 0° to 5° C., and then 7 ml of an anhydrous tetrahydrofuran solution containing 1.0 g of the aforesaid 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was dropped into the solution. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. The resulting mixed solution was reacted at said temperature for 30 minutes and then at 5° to 10° C. for 1 hour, while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 20 ml of water and then washed two times with 20 ml of ethyl acetate. To the aqueous layer was again added 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting mixture was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by gradual addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, sufficiently washed with water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Into the thus treated layer was dropped 10 ml of an ethyl acetate solution containing 0.83 g of sodium 2-ethylhexanoate to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with ethyl acetate, washed with diethyl ether, and then dried to obtain 2.4 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 183°-185° C. (decomp.), yield 89%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1765 (lactam), 1720-1670 (--CON<), 1600 (--COO.sup.⊖)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ SO + D₂ O) τ values:

2.62 (5H), 4.31 (1H), 4.50 (1H), 4.70 (1H), 6.05 (1H), 6.35 - 6.65 (6H), 8.49 (3H), 8.60 (3H), 8.91 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 13, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 13. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 13                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                            Objective compound                                       __________________________________________________________________________                           D(-)-                                                     ##STR391##                                                                                           ##STR392##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 170° C, yield 84 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR393##                                                                                           ##STR394##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 170° C, yield 86 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR395##                                                                                           ##STR396##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 190° C, yield 87 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR397##                                                                                           ##STR398##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 186° C, yield 85 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR399##                                                                                           ##STR400##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 175° C, yield 79 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR401##                                                                                           ##STR402##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 198 - 200° C, yield 75 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR403##                                                                                           ##STR404##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 185 - 187° C, yield 86 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR405##                                                                                           ##STR406##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 210° C, yield 83 %                                       D(-)-                                                     ##STR407##                                                                                           ##STR408##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 175 - 177° C, yield 86 %                                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR409##                                                                                           ##STR410##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 177 - 178° C, yield 79             __________________________________________________________________________                           %                                                   

EXAMPLE 12

A suspension of 1.4 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by addition of triethylamine with stirring to form a solution. This solution was cooled to 0° to 5° C., and 10 ml of a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 1.2 g of 4-npentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was dropped into said solution. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 7.5 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the resulting mixed solution was reacted at said temperature for 30 minutes and then at 10° to 15° C. for 90 minutes, while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.5. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 20 ml of water and then washed two times with 20 ml of ethyl acetate. To the aqueous layer was further added 30 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting mixture was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Thereafter, the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, sufficiently washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was crystallized by addition of diisopropyl ether to obtain 1.8 g of crystals of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 96° C. (decomp.), yield 80.5%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1770 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ SO + D₂ O) τ values:

2.62 (5H), 4.31 (1H), 4.51-4.69 (2H), 6.04 (1H), 6.20-6.90 (6H), 8.50 (3H), 8.60 (3H), 8.75 (6H), 8.90 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 14, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 14. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 14                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                        Objective compound                                           __________________________________________________________________________                       D(-)-                                                         ##STR411##                                                                                       ##STR412##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 107° C, yield 89 %                                       D(-)-                                                         ##STR413##                                                                                       ##STR414##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 92° C, yield 88.5 %                                      D(-)-                                                         ##STR415##                                                                                       ##STR416##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 95° C, yield 79.8 %                                      D(-)-                                                         ##STR417##                                                                                       ##STR418##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 80 - 82° C, yield 95                   __________________________________________________________________________                       %                                                       

EXAMPLE 13

Using 1.7 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-[D(-)-α-amino-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid and 0.7 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 12 was repeated to obtain 1.2 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 170°-172° C. (decomp.), yield 75%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═0 1760 (lactam), 1710-1660 (--CON<), 1600 (--COO.sup.⊖)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ SO) τ values:

2.8-3.3 (4H), 4.45 (1H), 4.65 (2H), 6.05 (1H), 6.2 (4H), 6.97 (3H), 8.48 (3H), 8.60 (3H)

In the same manner as above, a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 175° C. (decomp.), yield 72%, was obtained from 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride and a triethylamine salt of 6-[D(-)-α-amino-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid.

EXAMPLE 14

To a solution of 0.8 g of a phthalide ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 10 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added 0.25 ml of triethylamine. Into the resulting mixture was dropped 0.32 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride with ice-cooling, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 20 ml of ethyl acetate and 20 ml of water, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 2 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, washed with water, washed with a 2% aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated to a liquid amount of about 2 ml. To the concentrate was added 20 ml of diisopropyl ether to deposit crystals, which were then collected to obtain 0.95 g of crystals of a phthalide ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 157°-160° C. (decomp.), yield 90.0 %.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ :--ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam, 1715 (ester), 1680 (--CON<)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ CO + D₂ O) τ values:

2.12 (4H), 2.40 (1H), 2.58 (5H), 4.25-4.60 (3H), 5.45 (1H), 5,85-6.42 (4H), 6.90 (3H), 8.50 (6H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 15, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 15. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 15                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III) Objective compound                                   __________________________________________________________________________                      D(-)-                                                          ##STR419##                                                                                      ##STR420##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 108 - 110° C, yield 90 %                                 D(-)-                                                          ##STR421##                                                                                      ##STR422##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 128 - 130° C, yield 92 %                                 D(-)-                                                          ##STR423##                                                                                      ##STR424##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 113 - 115° C, yield 88                  __________________________________________________________________________                      %                                                        

EXAMPLE 15

A solution of 0.86 g of a hydrochloride of methoxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid in 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by addition of triethylamine at 0° to 5° C. Into this solution, a solution of 0.38 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride in 10 ml of tetrahydrofuran was dropped over a period of 10 minutes. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. The resulting mixed solution was reacted for 30 minutes, while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0. After completion of the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 50 ml of water and 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure to form crystals. The thus formed crystals were washed with diethyl ether to obtain 0.9 g of a methoxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 111°-115° C. (decomp.), yield 82.5%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1740 (ester), 1700-1660 (--CON<)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ CO) τ values:

0.15 (1H), 2.0 (1H), 2.67 (5H), 4.3-4.5 (3H), 4.75 (2H), 5.7 (1H), 6.55 (4H), 6.97 (3H), 7.25 (3H), 8.84 (3H), 8.60 (3H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 16, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 16. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 16                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)  Objective compound                                  __________________________________________________________________________                         D(-)-                                                       ##STR425##                                                                                         ##STR426##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 83 - 85° C, yield 80.2 %                                 D(-)-                                                       ##STR427##                                                                                         ##STR428##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 78 - 80° C, yield 80 %                                   D(-)-                                                       ##STR429##                                                                                         ##STR430##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 93 - 95° C, yield 82.5 %                                 D(-)-                                                       ##STR431##                                                                                         ##STR432##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 70 - 74° C, yield 74.4               __________________________________________________________________________                         %                                                     

EXAMPLE 16

Using 1.5 g of a hydrochloride of pivaloyloxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid and 0.6 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 15 was repeated to obtain a pivaloyloxymethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 108°-111° C. (decomp.). yield 75%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1750 (ester), 1710-1660 (--CON<)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 17, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 17. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 17                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                         Objective compound                                          __________________________________________________________________________                        D(-)-                                                        ##STR433##                                                                                        ##STR434##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 94 - 98° C, yield 77 %                                   D(-)-                                                        ##STR435##                                                                                        ##STR436##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 72 - 75° C, yield 72                  __________________________________________________________________________                        %                                                      

EXAMPLE 17

Using 0.81 g of a hydrochloride of β-piperidinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid and 0.3 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 15 was repeated to obtain 0.75 g of a β-piperidinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 166°-169° C. (decomp.), yield 78%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1740 (ester), 1710-1670 (--CON<)

NMR (CDCl₃) τ values:

2.7 (5H), 4.3-4.6 (3H), 5.7 (1H), 5.75 (2H), 6.0 (2H), 6.4 (2H), 6.9 (3H), 7.45 (2H), 7.6 (4H), 8.5 (12H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by 4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, to obtain a β-piperidinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 110°-115° C. (decomp.), yield 73.58%.

EXAMPLE 18

Using 0.93 g of a hydrochloride of β-morpholinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid and 0.39 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 15 was repeated to obtain 0.8 g of a β-morpholinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid, m.p. 150°-153° C. (decomp.), yield 73%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1740 (ester), 1710-1680 (--CON<)

NMR (CDCl₃) τ values:

2.55 (5H), 4.3-4.55 (3H), 5.6 (1H), 5.7 (3H), 6.0 (2H), 6.3 (2H), 7.4 (2H), 7.5 (4H), 8.5 (6H)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by 4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, to obtain a β-morpholinoethyl ester of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 103°-105° C. (decomp.), yield 70%.

EXAMPLE 19

(1) -- To a solution of 8.7 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-phenylglycine in 50 ml of water were added 50 ml of ethyl acetate and 5.05 g of triethylamine. To the resulting mixture was gradually added 9.5 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride at 0° to 5° C. over a period of 15 minutes, and then the mixture was reacted at 5° to 15° C. for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the aqueous layer was separated off, washed with diethyl ether, and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with water and dried to obtain 14.1 g of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 138°-141° C. (decomp.), yield 87%. Recrystallization from hydrous butanol gave white crystals, m.p. 140°-142° C. (decomp.).

Elementary analysis (for C₁₄ H₁₅ N₃ O₅.H₂ O): Calculated (%) C: 52.01 H: 5.30 N: 13.00 Found (%) C: 52.24 H: 5.32 N: 12.87

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1710, 1700, 1660

(2) -- Into a solution of 10 g of the above-mentioned D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 200 ml of acetone was dropped a solution of 5.2 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexonic acid in 50 ml of acetone with stirring to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and then washed with acetone to obtain 9.6 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 165° C. (decomp.), yield 95%.

(3) -- To a suspension of 8.8 g of the abovementioned sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 80 ml of methylene chloride was added 20 mg of N-methylmorpholine. Into the resulting mixture was dropped a solution of 3.1 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 20 ml of methylene chloride at -20° to -15° C. over a period of 5 minutes, and the mixture was reacted at said temperature for 1 hour. Into this reaction liquid was dropped a solution of 9.4 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 40 ml of methylene chloride at -40° to -30° C. over a period of 10 minutes, and the resulting mixture was reacted at -40° to -20° C. over a period of 1 hour. After the reaction, the temperature of the reaction liquid was gradually elevated to 0° C. over a period of 1 hour, and the mixture was then subjected to extraction with 100 ml of water. Subsequently, the aqueous layer was separated off, and the methylene chloride layer was further subjected to extraction with 50 ml of water, and the resulting aqueous layer was combined with the aforesaid aqueous layer. The combined aqueous layer was adjusted to a pH of 2 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with water, dried and then dissolved in 200 ml of acetone. Into the resulting solution was dropped a solution of 4 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 40 ml of acetone over a period of 10 minutes to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with acetone and then dried to obtain 11.4 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 170° C. (decomp.), yield 80.8%.

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 18, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 18. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 18                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)     Objective compound                                 __________________________________________________________________________     D(-)-                   D(-)-                                                   ##STR437##                                                                                             ##STR438##                                            D(-)-                   D(-)-                                                   ##STR439##                                                                                             ##STR440##                                            D(-)-                   D(-)-                                                   ##STR441##                                                                                             ##STR442##                                            __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 20

(1) -- To a solution of 2.28 g of D(-)-α-amino-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid in 15 ml of N NaOH were added 20 ml of ethyl acetate and 2.1 ml of triethylamine, and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0° C. To this mixture was gradually added 1.69 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride over a period of 10 minutes. Subsequently, the mixture was reacted for 30 minutes with ice-cooling, and then the aqueous layer was separated off. To the aqueous layer was further added 20 ml of ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was adjusted to a pH of 2 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling, and the ethyl acetate layer was separated off. The organic layer was sufficiently washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure and then incorporated with isopropyl alcohol to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 2.5 g of white crystals of D(-)-α-(4 -methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid, m.p. 140°-145° C. (decomp.), yield 74%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(NH) 3300, ν_(C)═O 1715, 1660

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.57 (1H, d), 4.26 (1H, s), 4.36 (2H, s), 5.29 (1H, d), 6.07-6.18 (2H, m), 6.38-6.49 (2H, m), 7.05 (3H, s), 7.35 (4H, s)

(2) -- To a suspension of 0.45 g of the above-mentioned D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid in 15 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride was added 0.24 ml of N-methylmorpholine with stirring to form a solution. After cooling the solution of -10° C., 3 ml of an anhydrous methylene chloride solution containing 0.24 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate was dropped into the solution, and the resulting mixture was reacted at said temperature for 90 minutes. Subsequently, the reaction liquid was cooled to -20° C., and 5 ml of a methylene chloride solution containing 0.70 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and 0.31 ml of triethylamine was gradually dropped into the reaction liquid. The resulting mixture was reacted at -20° C. for 1 hour, at -20° to 0° C. for 1 hour, and at 0° to 5° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, the reaction liquid was freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 10 ml of water and then washed with 10 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was again incorporated with 15 ml of ethyl acetate, and then adjusted to a pH of 2.0 by addition of 2N HCl with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, washed with water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 0.74 g of white crystals of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 84°-87° C. (decomp.), yield 87%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1730-1660 (--COOH, --CON<)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.55 (1H, d), 0.95 (1H, d), 4.22 (1H, s), 4.35 (2H, s), 4.41-4.61 (2H, s), 4.92 (1H, d), 5.75 (1H, s), 6.05 (2H, bs), 6.40 (2H, bs), 7.03 (3H, s), 7.35 (4H, s), 8.40 (3H, s), 8.52 (3H, s)

The thus obtained product was adjusted to a pH of 7.0 by neutralization with an aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and then subjected to filtration and freeze-drying to obtain a sodium salt thereof.

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 19, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 19. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 19                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)  Objective compound                                    __________________________________________________________________________     D(-)-                    D(-)-                                                  ##STR443##                                                                                              ##STR444##                                           D(-)-                    D(-)-                                                  ##STR445##                                                                                              ##STR446##                                           D(-)-                    D(-)-                                                  ##STR447##                                                                                              ##STR448##                                           __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 21

(1) -- To a solution of 2.2 g of DL-α-amino-2-thienylacetic acid in 14 ml of a N sodium hydroxide solution was added at 0° C. 2.2 g of triethylamine. To the resulting mixture was further added 3.6 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride incrementally at said temperature. Subsequently, the mixture was reacted at 0° C. for 30 minutes, and then at room temperature for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the reaction liquid was adjusted to a pH of 1.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit crystals, the deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with water and then dried to obtain 3.5 g of DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid, m.p. 214°-215° C. (decomp.), yield 80.5%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1710, 1680-1660

(2) -- Into a solution of 3.5 g of the abovementioned DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid in 100 ml of acetone was dropped a solution of 1.86 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 50 ml of acetone, upon which crystals were deposited. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and then washed with acetone to obtain 3.5 g of a sodium salt of DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid, m.p. 175°-176° C. (decomp.).

(3) -- To a suspension of 3.3 g of the abovementioned sodium salt of DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid in 50 ml of methylene chloride was added 30 mg of N-methylmorpholine, and the resulting mixture was then cooled to -20° to -15° C. Into the resulting mixture was dropped a solution of 1.3 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 20 ml of methylene chloride over a period of 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 90 minutes. Subsequently, a solution of 3.3 g of a triethylamine salt of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 50 ml of methylene chloride was dropped into the mixture at -50° to -40° C. over a period of 20 minutes, and the resulting mixture was reacted with stirring at -40° to -30° C. for 30 minutes, at -30° to -20° C. for 30 minutes, and then at -20° to 0° C. for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in water. The resulting aqueous solution was adjusted to a pH of 2.0 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with water and then dried to obtain 4.1 g of 6-[DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 185° C. (decomp.), yield 80.5%.

IR (nujol) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1715 (--COOH), 1685-1675 (--CON<)

NMR ((CD₃)₂ CO) τ values:

0.5 (1H), 1.8 (1H), 2.6 (1H), 2.85-3.05 (2H), 4.0 (1H), 4.2-4.5 (2H), 5.7 (1H), 5.8-6.0 (2H), 6.2-6.4 (2H), 6.95 (3H), 8.4 (3H), 8.45 (3H)

The thus obtained product was adjusted to a pH of 7.0 by neutralization with an aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and then subjected to filtration and freeze-drying to obtain a sodium salt thereof.

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the sodium salt of DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 20, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 20. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 20                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)     Objective compound                                 __________________________________________________________________________     DL-                     DL-                                                     ##STR449##                                                                                             ##STR450##                                            DL-                     DL-                                                     ##STR451##                                                                                             ##STR452##                                            DL-                     DL-                                                     ##STR453##                                                                                             ##STR454##                                            __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 22

To a suspension of 0.9 g of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 30 ml of anhydrous ethyl acetate were added at 5° to 10° C. 0.55 g of triethylamine and 0.6 g of trimethylsilyl chloride. The resulting mixture was reacted at 15° to 20° C. for 3 hours to form trimethylsilylated 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid. To this acid was then added 1 g of 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, and the resulting mixture was reacted at 15° to 20° C. for 2 hours. After the reaction, a deposited triethylamine hydrochloride was separated by filtration, and the filtrate was mixed with 0.4 g of n-butanol to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 1.25 g of white crystals of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid. Into a solution of said crystals in 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran was dropped a solution of 0.38 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 10 ml of tetrahydrofuran, upon which white crystals were deposited. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with tetrahydrofuran and then dried to obtain 1.25 g of a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 183°-185° C. (decomp.), yield 90%.

EXAMPLE 23

To a suspension of 4 g of a trihydrate of 6-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]penicillanic acid in 40 ml of water was added 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting mixture was cooled to 2° C. Subsequently, the mixture was mixed with 1.37 g of potassium carbonate, and then stirred at 2° to 3° C. for 2 minutes. Thereafter, 1.89 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was added to the mixture at said temperature over a period of 10 minutes, and the resulting mixture was reacted at said temperature for 15 minutes. After the reaction, slight amounts of insolubles were separated by filtration, and the filtrate was charged into 80 ml of ethyl acetate. Into the resulting mixture was dropped 5 ml of 2N HCl at 20° to 22° C. over a period of 5 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 5 hours to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed two times with 4 ml of water, further washed two times with 4 ml of isopropanol, and then dried to obtain 4.0 g of a dihydrate of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 156°-157° C. (decomp.), yield 75.4%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1775, 1740, 1695, 1670

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.18 (1H, d), 0.77 (1H, d), 2.66 (5H, s), 4.30 (1H, d), 4.40 (3H, br), 4.48 (1H, g), 4.65 (1H, d), 5.80 (1H, s), 6.12 (2H, bs), 6.45 (2H, bs), 7.06 (3H, s), 8.48 (3H, s), 8.60 (3H, s)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, to obtain a monohydrate of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 154°-156° C. (decomp.), yield 84.8%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1775, 1735, 1705, 1680, 1665

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.20 (1H, d), 0.76 (1H, d), 2.69 (5H, s), 4.32 (1H, d), 4.53 (1H, q), 4.64 (1H, d), 5.00 (3H, br), 5.83 (1H, s), 6.13 (2H, bs), 6.49 (2H, bs), 6.62 (2H, q), 8.44 (3H, s), 8.58 (3H, s), 8.91 (3H, t)

The thus obtained monohydrate was neutralized with an aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and then subjected to filtration and freeze-drying to obtain a sodium salt of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid.

Further, a solution in 10 ml of nitromethane of 2 g of the aforesaid dihydrate of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid was allowed to stand overnight to deposit crystals, which were then collected by filtration to obtain 2 g of a monohydrate of a nitromethane addition product of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 128°-130° C. (decomp.), yield 92.2%.

Elementary analysis (for C₂₂ H₂₅ N₅ O₇ S.CH₃ NO₂.H₂ O): Calculated (%) C: 47.42 H: 5.19 N: 14.43 Found (%) C: 47.94 H: 5.13 N: 14.53

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770, 1735, 1700, 1680

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.22 (1H, d), 0.80 (1H, d), 2.69 (5H, s), 3.30 (3H, br), 4.30 (1H, d), 4.46-4.70 (2H), 5.67 (3H, s), 5.81 (1H, s), 6.13 (2H, bs), 6.46 (2H, bs), 7.07 (3H, s), 8.45 (3H, s), 8.58 (3H, s)

EXAMPLE 24

To a suspension of 1.6 g of a trihydrate of D(-)-α-aminobenzyl penicillin in 20 ml of water was added at 2° to 3° C. 0.54 g of potassium carbonate, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 3 minutes. To the mixture was gradually added 0.81 g of 4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride at said temperature over a period of 10 minutes, and the mixture was reacted for 15 minutes. After the reaction, slight amounts of insolubles formed were separated by filtration, and the filtrate was charged into 10 ml of methyl n-propyl ketone. Into the resulting mixture was dropped 1.98 ml of 2N HCl at 15° to 20° C. over a period of 2 minutes, and the mixture was stirred at said temperature for 1 hour to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed two times with 2 ml of water, further washed two times with 2 ml of methyl n-propyl ketone, and then dried to obtain 1.7 g of a monohydrate of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)benzylpenicillin, m.p. 152°-154° C. (decomp.), yield 80.2%.

The thus obtained product was neutralized with an aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and then subjected to filtration and freeze-drying to obtain a sodium salt of the said product.

EXAMPLE 25

A suspension of 4.0 g of a monohydrate of 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 60 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by gradual addition of triethylamine with stirring to form a solution, which was then cooled to 0° C. To this solution were gradually added 2.5 g of crystals of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride over a period of 10 minutes. During this period, the pH of the reaction solution was maintained at 7.5 to 8.0 by gradual addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the resulting mixture was reacted at 0° to 5° C. for 15 minutes while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0. After the reaction, the reaction liquid was stirred together with 60 ml of diethyl ether and 70 ml of water, and then the aqueous layer was separated off. The thus obtained aqueous layer was washed with 30 ml of ethyl acetate, cooled to 0° to 5° C., and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with water and then dried to obtain 4.7 g of white crystals of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 185°-186° C. (decomp.), yield 86%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770-1760 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.1 (1H, d), 0.56 (1H, d), 2.62 (5H, s), 4.26-4.37 (2H, dd), 5.05 (1H, d), 6.1 (2H, bs), 6.47 (2H, bs), 6.63 (2H, s), 7.05 (3H, s), 8.02 (3H, s)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 21, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 21. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 21                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                         Objective commpound                                         __________________________________________________________________________                        D(-)-                                                        ##STR455##                                                                                        ##STR456##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 168° C, yield 80 %                                       D(-)-                                                        ##STR457##                                                                                        ##STR458##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 160°  C, yield 80.5 %                  ##STR459##                                                                                        ##STR460##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 150° C, yield 76                      __________________________________________________________________________                        %                                                      

EXAMPLE 26

(1) -- To a solution of 0.92 g of 1-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-piperazine in 15 ml of anhydrous dioxane were added 1.1 ml of triethylamine and 1.08 g of trimethylsilyl chloride. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours to form triethylamine hydrochloride. This hydrochloride was separated by filtration, and the filtrate was dropped at 0° to 5° C. into a solution of 0.6 g of phosgene in 10 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. Subsequently, the resulting mixture was reacted at 5° to 10° C. for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for 2 hours. Thereafter, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 1.21 g of pale yellow, oily 4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride.

IR (film) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1790, 1720-1665

(2) -- A suspension of 1.70 g of a monohydrate of 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran containing 20% by volume of water was adjusted to a pH of 8.0 to 8.5 by addition of triethylamine with stirring to form a solution. This solution was cooled to 0° to 5° C., and 7 ml of an anhydrous tetrahydrofuran solution containing 1.21 g of the 4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride obtained in (1) was dropped into the solution. During this period, the pH of the solution was maintained at a pH of 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of triethylamine. Subsequently, the resulting mixed solution was reacted at 0° to 5° C. for 1 hour and then at 5° to 10° C. for 2 hours while maintaining the pH thereof at 7.5 to 8.0. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 20 ml of water and then washed two times with 20 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was again charged with 40 ml of ethyl acetate, and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by gradual addition of dilute hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, washed with water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Thereafter, 10 ml of an ethyl acetate solution containing 0.75 g of sodium 2-ethylhexanoate was dropped into the layer at 0° to 5° C. to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, and washed with ethyl acetate and then with diethyl ether to obtain 1.95 g of a sodium salt of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 164°-166° C. (decomp.), yield 75 %.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1750 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<), 1590 (--COO.sup.⊖)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO + D₂ O) τvalues:

2.58 (5H, s), 4.33 (1H, s), 4.49 (1H, d), 5.17 (1H, d), 6.10 (2H, bs), 6.42-6.87 (6H, m), 8.09 (3H, s), 8.60-8.90 (6H, bs), 9.12 (3H, t)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 22, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 22. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 22                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                         Objective compound                                          __________________________________________________________________________                        D(-)-                                                        ##STR461##                                                                                        ##STR462##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 160° C, yield 77.7 %                                     D(-)-                                                        ##STR463##                                                                                        ##STR464##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 158° C, yield 78 %                                       D(-)-                                                        ##STR465##                                                                                        ##STR466##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 154° C, yield 78 %                                       D(-)-                                                        ##STR467##                                                                                        ##STR468##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 185 -  188° C, yield 77 %                                D(-)-                                                        ##STR469##                                                                                        ##STR470##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 135 - 137° C, yield 79.2              __________________________________________________________________________                        %                                                      

EXAMPLE 27

Using 1.5 g of a hydrochloride of methoxymethyl ester of 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid and 0.65 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, the same operation as in Example 25 repeated to obtain 1.6 g of a methoxymethyl ester of 7-[D(- )-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 146°-148° C. (decomp.), yield 86%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770 (lactam), 1710 (ester), 1680-1600 (--CON<)

EXAMPLE 28

To a suspension of 0.20 g of 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 15 ml of anhydrous chloroform was added 0.17 ml of triethylamine with stirring to form a solution, which was then cooled to 0° C. To this solution was added 0.11 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride, and the resulting mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction, the reaction liquid was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 15 ml of water. The resulting solution was washed with 10 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was again charged with 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, successively washed with water and a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. Thereafter, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 0.22 g of white crystals of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 175° C. (decomp.), yield 76%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1770 (lactam), 1720-1650 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.23 (1H, d), 0.63 (1H, d), 2.66 (5H, s), 4.32 (1H, q), 4.43 (1H, d), 5.05 (1H, d), 5.21 (2H, q), 6.15 (2H, bs), 6.40 (2H, bs), 6.57 (2H, bs), 7.0 (3H, s), 8.0 (3H, s)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 23, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 23. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 23                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                              Objective compound                                     __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR471##                                                                                       ##STR472##                                                   ##STR473##                                                                                       ##STR474##                                                   ##STR475##                                                                                       ##STR476##                                                   ##STR477##                                                                                       ##STR478##                                                   ##STR479##                                                                                       ##STR480##                                                  __________________________________________________________________________

The aforesaid 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 175° C. (decomp.), was recrystallized from hydrous acetone to obtain white crystals showing a melting point of 198° to 200° C. (decomp.)

EXAMPLE 29

(1) -- To a solution of 28.2 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-phenylglycine in 150 ml of water were added 200 ml of ethyl acetate and 18.2 g of triethylamine, and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0° C. To this mixture was added 34.3 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride over a period of 15 minutes, and the mixture was reacted at 5° to 10° C. for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the aqueous layer was separated off and adjusted to a pH of 0.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and then dried to obtain 42 g of white crystals of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, m.p. 195° C. (decomp.).

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1700, 1600

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.1 (1H, d), 2.65 (5H, s), 4.60 (1H, d), 6.10 (2H, bs), 6.50 (2H, bs), 7.0 (3H, s)

(2) -- To a suspension in 15 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride of 0.31 g of the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid obtained in the above-mentioned item (1) was added 0.11 g of N-methylmorpholine with stirring to form a solution, which was then cooled to -20° C. To this solution was added 3 ml of an anhydrous methylene chloride solution containing 0.13 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate, and the resulting mixture was reacted at -10° to 20° C. for 60 minutes to form a mixed acid anhydride. Into the thus formed acid anhydride was dropped a solution formed by adding 0.50 ml of triethylamine to a suspension in 5 ml of methanol of 0.41 g of 7-amino-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid. After the dropping, the resulting mixture was reacted at -50° to -30° C. for 30 minutes, at -30° to -20° C. for 30 minutes, at -20° to 0° C. for 60 minutes, and then at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction liquid was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the concentrate was dissolved in 10 ml of water, washed with 5 ml of ethyl acetate, again charged with 15 ml of ethyl acetate, and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid with ice-cooling. Subsequently, insolubles were separated by filtration, and the ethyl acetate layer was separated off, successively washed with water and a saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 0.58 g of pale yellow crystals of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 160° C. (decomp.), yield 91%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1650-1720 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.2 (1H, d), 0.6 (1H, d), 2.60 (5H, s), 4.35 (1H, q), 4.40 (1H, d), 5.0 (1H, d), 5.70 (2H, q), 6.10 (2H, bs), 6.25-6.55 (2H, 2H, bs), 7.0 (3H, s), 7.30 (3H, s)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 24, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 24. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

    Table 24       Compound of forumla (V) Objective compound       ##STR481##       ##STR482##       ##STR483##       ##STR484##       ##STR485##       ##STR486##       ##STR487##       ##STR488##

EXAMPLE 30

Using 0.3 g of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 0.33 g of 7-amino-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same operation as in Example 29 was repeated, to obtain 0.5 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 161°-163° C. (decomp.), yield 76%.

IR (nujol) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1775 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values:

0.02 (1H, d), 0.34 (1H, d), 2.48 (5H, s), 4.17 (1H, q), 4.26 (1H, d), 4.92 (1H, d), 5.66 (2H, s), 6.01 (5H, s), 6.35 (4H, s), 7.0 (3H, s)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 25, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 25. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 25                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)      Objective compound                                __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR489##                                                                                            ##STR490##                                              ##STR491##                                                                                            ##STR492##                                              ##STR493##                                                                                            ##STR494##                                             __________________________________________________________________________      * Anhydrous methylene chloride was substituted for the methanol used in        Example 29.                                                              

EXAMPLE 31

Using 0.30 g of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 0.34 g of 7-amino-3-[5-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same operation as in Example 29 was repeated, to obtain 0.47 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 158°-159° C. (decomp.), yield 71.5%.

IR (nujol) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1775 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid, to obtain 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 123° C. (decomp.), yield 64.5%.

EXAMPLE 32

Using 0.31 g of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 0.39 g of 7-amino-3-[2-(1-methyl-1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same operation as in Example 29 was repeated, except that the methanol was replaced by anhydrous methylene chloride, to obtain 0.43 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(1-methyl-1,3,4-triazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, yield 70%.

IR (nujol) cm⁻¹ : -- ν_(C)═O 1780 (lactam), 1720-1650 (--CON<, --COOH)

The above-mentioned operation was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 26, to obtain respective objective compounds as shown in Table 26. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 26                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)    Objective compound                                  __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR495##                                                                                          ##STR496##                                                ##STR497##                                                                                          ##STR498##                                               __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 33

The procedure of Example 29 was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 27, to obtain respective objective compounds shown in Table 27. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 27                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)     Objective compound                                 __________________________________________________________________________     D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR499##                                                                                           ##STR500##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR501##                                                                                           ##STR502##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR503##                                                                                           ##STR504##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR505##                                                                                           ##STR506##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR507##                                                                                           ##STR508##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR509##                                                                                           ##STR510##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR511##                                                                                           ##STR512##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR513##                                                                                           ##STR514##                                              D(-)-                 D(-)-                                                     ##STR515##                                                                                           ##STR516##                                              __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 34

The procedure of Example 30 was repeated, except that the D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (V) shown in Table 28, to obtain respective objective compounds shown in Table 28. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 28                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (V)      Objective compound                                __________________________________________________________________________     D(-)-                  C(-)-                                                    ##STR517##                                                                                            ##STR518##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR519##                                                                                            ##STR520##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR521##                                                                                            ##STR522##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR523##                                                                                            ##STR524##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR525##                                                                                            ##STR526##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR527##                                                                                            ##STR528##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR529##                                                                                            ##STR530##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR531##                                                                                            ##STR532##                                             D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR533##                                                                                            ##STR534##                                             __________________________________________________________________________

EXAMPLE 35

(1) -- To a suspension of 0.9 g of D(-)-α-alanine in 15 ml of water was added 2.05 g of triethylamine to dissolve D(-)-α-alanine in water, and the resulting solution was cooled to 0° C. To the solution was added 2.3 g of 4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride over 15 minutes, after which reaction was effected for 30 minutes with ice-cooling. Dilute hydrochloric acid was then added to the reaction product to adjust the pH thereof to 2.0. The water was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and 30 ml of acetone was added to the residue, after which insolubles were filtered off. To the resulting acetone solution was added 10 ml of an acetone solution of 1.6 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and the deposited crystals were collected by filtration, and dried to obtain 2.1 g of a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-propionic acid having a melting point of 115° -8° C. (decomp.), yield 78.5%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : ν_(C)═O 1700, 1680, 1600 (--CON<, --COO⁶³ )

(2) -- In the same manner as in Example 32, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid was obtained from a sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionic acid and 7-amino-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid. The thus obtained product was dissolved in 20 ml of acetone, and a solution of 0.65 g of a sodium salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid in 5 ml of acetone was added to the resulting solution. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and dried to obtain 1.2 g of sodium salt of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)propionamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid having a melting point of 195° C. (decomp.), yield 67.7%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1780 (lactam), 1710-1660 (--CON<), 1600 (--COO.sup.⊖)

EXAMPLE 36

In the same manner as in Example 32, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid was obtained from 7-amino-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid and D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.

Melting point (decomp.), 147-9° C.; yield, 62.0%

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1765 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

In the same manner as above, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl]thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, yield 80.7%, was obtained from 7-amino-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid and D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.

The product obtained by recrystallization of the above obtained product from acetonitrile-water (4:7 volume ratio) decomposed at 170°-171° C. and melted at 188°-190° C. to result in a dark brown tar.

EXAMPLE 37

In the same manner as in Example 29, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-azidomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid was obtained from D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 7-amino-3-azidomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid.

Melting point (decomp.), 185°-8° C.; yield, 68.0%

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1775 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH) νN₃ 2090

EXAMPLE 38

In 10 ml of a phosphoric acid buffer solution of a pH of 6.3 was suspended 0.57 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, and 0.07 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate was dissolved therein. To the solution was then added 0.12 g of 1-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazole to dissolve the latter in the former, and the solution was subjected to reaction for 24 hours while maintaining the pH of the solution at 6.5-6.7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate. After the reaction, the reaction liquid was cooled, and then adjusted to a pH of 5.0 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid. The reaction liquid was sufficiently washed with ethyl acetate, after which the aqueous layer was separated off and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid thereto. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration and dried, after which the dried crystals were washed with ethyl acetate to obtain 0.40 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 163°-165° C. (decomp.), yield 74.5%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1775 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<, --COOH)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values: 0.18 (1H, d), 0.55 (1H, d), 2.64 (5H, s), 4.3 (1H, q), 4.4 (1H, d), 5.0 (1H, d), 5.75 (2H, s), 6.05 (5H, s), 6.3-6.8 (6H), 8.92 (3H, t)

In the same manner as above, the objective compounds shown in Table 29 were obtained from 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid or 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid and the compounds of formula (VII) shown in Table 29. All the objective compounds were D(-) isomers, and the structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 29                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of                                                                    formula (VII)   Objective compound                                             __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR535##                                                                                     ##STR536##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 168-170° C, yield 83 %                    ##STR537##                                                                                     ##STR538##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 150° C, yield 73.4 %                      ##STR539##                                                                                     ##STR540##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 158-159° C, yield 78.5 %                  ##STR541##                                                                                     ##STR542##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 175-180° C, yield 73.4 %                  ##STR543##                                                                                     ##STR544##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 163-165° C, yield 72.5 %                  ##STR545##                                                                                     ##STR546##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 159-160° C, yield 66 %                    ##STR547##                                                                                     ##STR548##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 128- 129° C, yield 67.7 %                 ##STR549##                                                                                     ##STR550##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 95-98° C, yield 66.6 %                    ##STR551##                                                                                     ##STR552##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 175-180° C, yield 78.0 %                  ##STR553##                                                                                     ##STR554##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 156-157° C, yield 67.0 %                  ##STR555##                                                                                     ##STR556##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 177-180° C, yield 70.3 %                  ##STR557##                                                                                     ##STR558##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 180-182° C, yield 68.7 %                  ##STR559##                                                                                     ##STR560##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 182-184° C, yield 68 %                    ##STR561##                                                                                     ##STR562##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 192-194° C, yield 72.3 %                  ##STR563##                                                                                     ##STR564##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 175-178° C, yield 63.0 %                 NaN.sub.3                                                                                       ##STR565##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 185-188° C, yield 78 %                    ##STR566##                                                                                     ##STR567##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 189° C, yield 64.6 %                      ##STR568##                                                                                     ##STR569##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 183° C, yield 69.1 %                      ##STR570##                                                                                     ##STR571##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 181-183° C, yield 64.3                   __________________________________________________________________________                     %                                                         

EXAMPLE 39

In 10 ml of water was suspended 1.15 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, and 0.17 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate was then dissolved therein, after which 0.48 g of pyridine and 4.1 g of potassium thiocyanate were added thereto. The resulting mixture was subjected to reaction at 60° C. for 5 hours while maintaining the pH of the mixture at 6.0 to 6.5 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydrogencarbonate. After the reaction, 20 ml of water was added to dilute the reaction mixture, which was then sufficiently washed with chloroform. The aqueous layer was then separated off and then adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, dried, and then washed with acetone to obtain 1.04 g (yield, 79.6%) of a thiocyanic acid salt of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-pyridinomethyl-Δ³ -cephem- 4-carboxylic acid betaine having a melting point (decomp.) of 155°-160° C., said product having the formula, ##STR572##

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1780 (lactam), 1720-1660 (--CON<) νSCN 2040

In the same manner as above, a thiocyanic acid salt of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-pyridinomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid betaine was obtained from 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid and pyridine, said product having the formula, ##STR573##

Melting point (decomp.), 180°-185° C.; yield, 82.0%

In a conventional manner, the above two products were treated with an ion exchange resin to obtain the desired 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-pyridinomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid betaine and 7-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-pyridinomethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid betaine.

EXAMPLE 40

In 85 ml of anhydrous methanol was dissolved 1.5 g of a sodium salt of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[2-(pyridyl-1-oxide)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid. To the resulting solution was added 0.65 g of anhydrous cupric chloride, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes and then subjected to reaction at 50° C. for 14 hours. After the reaction, hydrogen sulfide gas was passed through the reaction solution with ice-cooling for 20 minutes. The resulting insolubles were filtered off, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue was added 20 ml of a 5% aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and the insolubles were filtered off, after which dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the filtrate to adjust the pH to 6.5. The filtrate was then washed with 10-ml portions of ethyl acetate three times, after which the aqueous layer was separated off and then adjusted to a pH of 1.8 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid thereto. The thus deposited crystals were collected by filtration and then dried under reduced pressure and washed with 20 ml of an ethyl acetate-chloroform mixed solvent (1:1 by volume) to obtain 0.40 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-methoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 162°-6° C. (decomp.), yield 30.5 %.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1770 (lactam), 1700 (--COOH), 1666 (--CON<)

NMR (d₆ -DMSO) τ values: 0.13 (1H, d), 0.53 (1H, d), 2.61 (5H, s), 4.31 (1H, q), 4.41 (1H, d), 4.96 (1H, d), 5.82 (2H, s), 6.10 (2H, bs), 6.33 (2H, 2H, 2H, bs), 6.79 (3H, s), 8.89 (3H, t)

EXAMPLE 41

To a solution of 3.2 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 20 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride and 5 ml of dimethylformamide was added 1.33 g of N,N-dimethylaniline. The resulting mixture was cooled to -15° to -10° C., and a solution of 1.14 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 5 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride was dropped into said mixture over a period of 5 minutes. The mixture was reacted at said temperature for 60 minutes.

On the other hand, to a suspension of 3.28 g of 7-amino-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 65 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile was added 3.04 g of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide to obtain a solution. The solution was cooled to -20° C. and poured into the aforesaid reaction mixture. Subsequently, the mixture was reacted at -10° C. to -5° C. for 60 minutes, and at 5° to 10° C. for 60 minutes. After the reaction, to the reaction mixture 5 ml of methanol was added and the mixture was freed from insolubles by filtration. Thereafter the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 100 ml of water and 50 ml of ethyl acetate, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 7.5 to 8.0 by addition of sodium hydrogencarbonate, after which the aqueous layer was added 80 ml of ethyl acetate and 20 ml of acetone, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, sufficiently washed with water and then the solvent was removed from ethyl acetate layer by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 15 ml of acetone, and to this solution was added 60 ml of 2-propanol with stirring to deposit white crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, sufficiently washed with 2-propanol and then dried to obtain 5.26 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 163°-165° C. (decomp.), yield 83.6%. The structure of this compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

The above-mentioned operation was repeated except that the sodium salt of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid was replaced by each of the reactive derivatives of compounds of formula (III) shown in Table 30, to obtain the respective objective compounds as shown in Table 30. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 30                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Reactive derivative of                                                         compound of formula (III)                                                                             Objective compound                                      __________________________________________________________________________     D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR574##                                                                                            ##STR575##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 161-163° C, yield 85.8 %          D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR576##                                                                                            ##STR577##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 170-171° C (from                                         acetonitrile-water), yield 68 %                         D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR578##                                                                                            ##STR579##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 162-165° C, yield 74.0 %          D(-)-                  D(-)-                                                    ##STR580##                                                                                            ##STR581##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 124-128° C, yield 75.3            __________________________________________________________________________                            %                                                  

EXAMPLE 42

Using 3.1 g of D(-)-α-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 3.0 g of 7-amino-3-[5-(1,2,3-triazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same operation as in Example 41 was repeated to obtain 4.5 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1,2,3-triazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 177°-180° C. (decomp.), yield 76.7%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1770 (lactam), 1703 (--COOH), 1680, 1667 (--CON<)

EXAMPLE 43

Using 1.5 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 1.5 g of 7-amino-3-[5-(2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same operation as in Example 41 was repeated to obtain 2.3 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-[5-(2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 172°-177° C. (decomp.), yield 77.7%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1780 (lactam), 1710 (--COOH), 1685, 1672 (--CON<)

In the same manner as above, the objective compounds shown in Table 31 were obtained from D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid or D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and the compounds of formula (IV) shown in Table 31. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 31                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (IV) Objective compound                                    __________________________________________________________________________                              D(-)-                                                  ##STR582##                                                                                              ##STR583##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 171-175° C, yield 72.5 %                                 D(-)-                                                  ##STR584##                                                                                              ##STR585##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 156-160° C, yield 73.1 %                                 D(-)-                                                  ##STR586##                                                                                              ##STR587##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 163-165° C, yield 67.4 %                                 D(-)-                                                  ##STR588##                                                                                              ##STR589##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 159-161° C, yield 68.0 %                                 D(-)-                                                  ##STR590##                                                                                              ##STR591##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 183-185°  C, yield 77.7 %                                D(-)-                                                  ##STR592##                                                                                              ##STR593##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 167° C, yield 82.0 %                                     D(-)-                                                  ##STR594##                                                                                              ##STR595##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 168-174° C, yield 65.0          __________________________________________________________________________                              %                                                

EXAMPLE 44

In a mixed solvent comprising 80 ml of water and 40 ml of ethyl acetate was suspended 4.0 g of 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, and 1.65 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate was then dissolved therein with ice-cooling.

To this solution was added 7.3 g of 4-(α-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonyl chloride at 0° to 5° C. over a period of 15 minutes, and the resulting mixture was reacted at 10° to 15° C. for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the aqueous layer was separated off, 100 ml of acetonitrile was added to the aqueous layer, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of dilute hydrochloric acid, and was saturated by sodium chloride. Subsequently, the acetonitrile layer was separated off, successively washed two times with 30 ml of saturated solution of sodium chloride and then dried by reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in a mixed solvent comprising 50 ml of acetone and 10 ml of ethanol, and insolubles were separated off. Subsequently, 100 ml of isopropyl alcohol was added to the resulting solution, and then concentrated to a liquid amount of about two-thirds under reduced pressure. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration, washed with iso-propyl alcohol and then dried to obtain 4.5 g of 7-[D(-)-α-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylaminophenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-:66 ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 142°-144° C. (decomp.), yield 76.3%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1770 (lactam), 1708 (--COOH), 1680, 1665 (--CON<)

The above-mentioned procedure was repeated, except that the 7-[D(-)-α-aminophenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid was replaced by each of the compounds of formula (II) shown in Table 32, to obtain the respective objective compounds as shown in Table 32. The structure of each objective compound was confirmed by IR and NMR.

                                      Table 32                                     __________________________________________________________________________     Compound of formula (II) Objective compound                                    __________________________________________________________________________                              D(-)-                                                  ##STR596##                                                                                              ##STR597##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 153 - 157° C, yield 62.0                                 %                                                                              D(-)-                                                  ##STR598##                                                                                              ##STR599##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 141 - 145° C, yield 64.6                                 %                                                                              D(-)-                                                  ##STR600##                                                                                              ##STR601##                                                                    m.p. (decomp.) 170 - 173° C, yield 58.0        __________________________________________________________________________                              %                                                

EXAMPLE 45

(1) To a solution of 0.63 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 10 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride were added 0.5 g of oxalyl chloride and a drop of N,N-dimethylformamide, and the resulting mixture was reacted at room temperature for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was washed with anhydrous benzene to obtain 0.6 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetyl chloride, m.p. 112°-116° C. (decomp.), yield 88.8%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νNH 3280, νC═O 1790, 1695

To a suspension of 0.27 g of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid in 6 ml of anhydrous methanol was added 0.24 g of triethylamine. The resulting solution was cooled to -40° C., and to the solution was added a solution of 5 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride containing 0.34 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetyl chloride, and then the temperature of the reaction liquid was gradually elevated to room temperature over a period of 1 hour. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was added to 20 ml of water, and the resulting solution was washed two times with 5 ml of ethyl acetate. To the aqueous layer was added 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and the solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid with stirring. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 453 mg of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 165°-166° C. (decomp.), yield 79.0%.

In the same manner as above, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 168°-174° C. (decomp.), yield 72.3%, was obtained from D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonaylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetyl chloride and 7-aminocephalosporanic acid.

EXAMPLE 46

To a suspension of 2.16 g of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in 20 ml of methylene chloride was added 2.02 g of triethylamine. Into the resulting solution was added 3.4 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetyl chloride at 10° to 15° C., and the resulting mixture was reacted at 10° to 15° C. for 2 hours. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The residue was added to 20 ml of water, and to the resulting solution was added 30 ml of ethyl acetate. The solution was adjusted to a pH of 2.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid and was stirred over a period of 4 hours to deposit crystals. The deposited crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 4.4 g of 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid, m.p. 154°-156° C. (decomp.), yield 82.2%.

In the same manner as above, 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid m.p. 160°-161° C. (decomp.), yield 70.5%, was obtained from 6-aminopenicillanic acid and D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetyl chloride.

EXAMPLE 47

Using D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid and 7-amino-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, the same procedure as in Example 41 was repeated, to obtain 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 175°-180° C. (decomp.), yield 68.0%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νNH₂ 3450, 3350, νCONH 3300, νC═O 1778, 1710, 1670

In the same manner as above, 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 178°-182° C. (decomp.), yield 65.0%, was obtained from D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 7-amino-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid.

EXAMPLE 48

(1) To a solution of 0.32 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 15 ml of methylene chloride was added 0.1 g of N-methylmorpholine. The resulting solution was cooled to -20° C., and to the solution was added a solution of 0.11 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 2 ml of methylene chloride, and then the resulting solution was subjected to reaction at -10° to -20° C. for 1 hour. Subsequently, into the reaction liquid was dropped a solution of 0.44 g of a benzhydryl ester of 7-amino-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 5 ml of methylene chloride at -20° C. After the dropping, the resulting solution was subjected to reaction at -10° to -20° C. for 1.5 hours, and the temperature was then elevated to room temperature. Thereafter, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 15 ml of ethyl acetate. Subsequently, the resulting solution was successively washed with 10 ml of water, with 5% (weight/weight) aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate, and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the residue was purified, by column chromatography (silica gel - chloroform), to obtain 0.53 g of benzhydryl ester of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 120°-125° C. (decomp.), yield 71.6%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νNH₂ 3480, 3380, νCONH 3300, νC═O 1780, 1718, 1680

NMR (CDCl₃) τ values: --0.1 (1H, d), 2.05 (1H, d), 2.64 (15H, bs), 3.19 (1H, s), 4.20 (2H, m), 4.86 (1H, d), 5.20 (2H, s), 5.25 (2H, bs), 6.1 (2H, m), 6.3 - 6.9 (6H, m), 8.9 (3H, t)

(2) -- To a solution of 0.2 g of a benzhydryl ester of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 5 ml of anisole was added 5 ml of trifluoroacetic acid while ice-cooling, and the resulting mixed solution was reacted for 30 minutes while ice-cooling. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the residue was dissolved in 15 ml of ethyl acetate, and to the resulting solution was added 10 ml of water, and then the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 7.5 by addition of sodium hydrogencarbonate while stirring. Thereafter, the aqueous layer was separated off, added to 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and then adjusted to a pH of 2.0 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid. Subsequently, the organic layer was separated off, successively washed with water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to deposit crylstals. Subsequently, the deposited crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 0.13 g of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 175°-180° C. (decomp.), yield 83.8%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νNH₂ 3450, 3350 νCONH₂ 3300, νC═O 1778, 1710, 1670

NMR (d₆ -DNSO) τ values: 0.15 (1H, d), 0.55 (1H, d), 2.60 (5H, b), 3.47 (2H, s), 4.28 (2H, m), 4.95 (1H, d), 5.25 (2H, q), 6.10 (2H, m), 6.25-6.90 (6H, m), 8.9 (3H, t)

EXAMPLE 49

(1) -- To a solution of 0.32 g of D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetic acid in 15 ml of anhydrous methylene chloride was added 0.1 g of N-methylmorpholine. The resulting solution was cooled to -20° C., and to the solution was added a solution of 0.11 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate in 1 ml of methylene chloride, and then the resulting mixed solution was reacted at -10° to -20° C. for 1 hour. Subsequently, into the reaction solution was dropped a solution of 0.46 g of β,β,β-trichloroethyl ester of 7-amino-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)-thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid in 5 ml of methylene chloride at -20° C. After the dropping, the resulting mixed solution was reacted at -10° to -20° C. for 1 hour, and at room temperature for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and the residue was successively washed with 5% (weight/weight) aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate, and with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel - benzene-ethyl acetate) to obtain 0.53 g of β,β,β-trichloroethyl ester of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 125°-135° C. (decomp.), yield 69.6%.

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ : νC═O 1780, 1715, 1680

(2) -- To a solution of 0.5 g of β,β,β-trichloroethyl ester of 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid were added 0.5 g of zinc dust and 0.5 ml of acetic acid, and then the resulting mixture was reacted for 1.5 hours. After the reaction, the reaction liquid was subjected to sellaite filtration, and the filtrate was freed from the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure. Thereafter, the residue was dissolved in 15 ml of water, and the resulting solution was adjusted to a pH of 1.5 by addition of 2N hydrochloric acid to deposit crystals. Subsequently, the deposited crystals were collected by filtration, dried and then washed with ethyl acetate to obtain 7-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]-3-[5-(1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrazolyl)thiomethyl]-Δ³ -cephem-4-carboxylic acid, m.p. 163°-165° C. (decomp.), yield 82.1%. 

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by letters patent of the United States is:
 1. An antibacterial compound of the formula (I), ##STR602## wherein R is a group represented by the formula ##STR603## wherein R⁵ represents a conventional penicillin substituent selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkadienyl, aryl, aralkyl, aryloxy, alkylthioalkyl, furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl or 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, each of which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxy, nitro, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acyl or alkylsulfonylamino; R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom; and R⁵ and R⁶ together with a common carbon atom may form a conventional penicillin substituent selected from cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or cycloalkadienyl ring;R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a conventional penicillin blocking group of a conventional penicillin or a conventional salt-forming cation of a conventional penicillin; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and each R² and R³ in each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually a conventional penicillin substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, carboxyl, or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, acyl, aralkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, amino or carbamoyl; any of which may be substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acyl or nitro; and any pair of R² and R³ together with a common carbon atom may form a conventional penicillin substituent which is a cycloalkyl ring; A represents a conventional penicillin substituent selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or cyano, or alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkadienyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkadienyl, aryl, acyl aralkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxy, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, thiocarbamoyl, acylcarbamoyl, acylthiocarbamoyl, alkylsulfonylcarbamoyl, arylsulfonylcarbamoyl, alkylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl, arylsulfonlthiocarbamoyl, sulfamoyl, alkoxycarbonylthioalkyl, alkoxythiocarbonylthioalkyl, amino, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl, pyrazyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl or quinolyl, each of which may be substituted by a conventional penicillin substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxyl or acyl; and Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom.
 2. An antibacterial compound of claim 1 of the formula ##STR604## wherein R⁵ represents a conventional penicillin substituent selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkadienyl, aryl, aralkyl, aryloxy, alkylthioalkyl, furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl or 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, each of which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxy, nitro, alkyl, or alkoxy;R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a conventional penicillin blocking group of a conventional penicillin or a conventional salt-forming cation of a conventional penicillin; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom and each R² and R³ in each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually a conventinal penicillin substituent selected from hydrogen, halogen, carboxyl, or alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, acyl, aralkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, amino or carbamoyl; any of which may be substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or acyl; A represents a conventional penicillin substituent selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or cyano, or alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkadienyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkadienyl, aryl, acyl, aralkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxy, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, thiocarbamoyl, acetyl carbamoyl, acetylthiocarbamoyl, methanesulfonylcarbamoyl, methanesulfonylthiocarbamoyl, sulfamoyl, amino, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl or pyrazyl, each of which may be substituted by a conventional penicillin substituent selected from halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxyl or acyl.
 3. An antibacterial compound of claim 2, whereinA is a conventional penicillin substituent selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl, any of which may be substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano amino, carboxyl or acyl; and R² and R³ are individually hydrogen or alkyl.
 4. An antibacterial compound of claim 1, wherein R¹ is selected from the group consisting of ester-forming groups capable of being removed by catalytic reduction, chemical reduction or hydrolysis under mild conditions and ester-forming groups capable of being easily removed by enzymes in a living body.
 5. An antibacterial compound of claim 1, wherein R¹ is a cation capable of forming a non-toxic salt.
 6. An antibacterial compound of claim 1, wherein R is ##STR605## each R² and R³ of each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, are individually a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; A is a methyl or ethyl group; and R¹ is a hydrogen atom or a conventional penicillin cation capable of forming a non-toxic salt.
 7. A compound of the formula (I), ##STR606## wherein R represents an α-amino acid residue represented by the formula, ##STR607## wherein R⁵ represents C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl, naphthyl, benzyl, phenoxy, naphthoxy, C₁₋₂ alkylthioC₁₋₂ alkyl, furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl or phenyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy or nitro; R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom; R⁵ and R⁶ together with a common carbon atom may form a C₆₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkenyl or C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl ring;R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a conventional penicillin blocking group of a conventional penicillin or a conventional penicillin salt-forming cation of a conventional penicillin; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and each R² and R³ in each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually, hydrogen, halogen or carboxyl, or C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, acetyl, benzolyl, benzyl, acetyloxymethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₃ -alkoxycarbonyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, amino, N-C₁₋₄ alkylamino, N,N-di-C₁₋₄ -alkylamino, N-acetylamino, or carbamoyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen; A represents hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or cyano, or C₁₋₁₂ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, propargyl, C₄₋₅ alkadienyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl, phenyl, naphthyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, furoyl, thenoyl, benzyl, acetyloxyethyl, pivaoyloxymethyl, C₁₋₄ -alkoxy, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyloxyl, phenoxy, naphthoxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkylsulfonyl, benzenesulfonyl, carbamoyl, N-C₁₋₄ alkylaminocarbonyl, N-phenylaminocarbonyl, N,N-di-C₁₋₂ alkylaminocarbonyl, pyrrolidinocarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl, thiocarbamoyl, N-C₁₋₃ alkylaminothiocarbonyl, N-phenylaminothiocarbonyl, N,N-di-C₁₋₂ alkylaminothiocarbonyl, pyrrolidinothiocarbonyl, piperidinothiocarbonyl, N-acetylcarbamoyl, N-acetylthiocarbamoyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsurfonylcarbamoyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl, sulfamoyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N-phenylsulfamoyl, N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, N,N-di-C₁₋₄ alkylamino,N-acetylamino, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl or pyrazyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen, nitro, cyano, carboxyl.
 8. A compound of the formula (I), ##STR608## wherein R represents an α-amino acid residue represented by the formula, ##STR609## wherein R⁵ represents C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkenyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl, naphthyl, benzyl, phenoxy, naphthoxy, furyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl or phenyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy or nitro; R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom; R⁵ and R⁶ together with a common carbon atom may form a C₆₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkenyl or C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl ring;R¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a conventional penicillin blocking group of a conventional penicillin or a conventional penicillin salt-forming cation of a conventional penicillin; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and each R² and R³ in each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually, hydrogen, halogen or carboxyl, or C₁₋₈ alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl or carbamoyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen; A represents hydrogen or C₁₋₁₂ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, propargyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, furoyl, thenoyl, benzyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl, C₅₋₇ cyclo alkyloxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbony, benzyloxycarbonyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsufonyl, C₅₋₆ -cycloalkylsulfonyl, benzenesulfonyl, carbamoyl, N-C₁₋₄ alkylaminocarbonyl, N-phenylaminocarbonyl, N,N-di-C₁₋₂ alkyaminocarbonyl, pyrrolidinocarbonyl, piperidinocarbonyl, thiocarbamoyl, N-C₁₋₃ alkylaminothiocarbonyl, pyrrolidinothiocarbonyl, piperidinothiocarbonyl, N-acetylcarbamoyl, N-acetylthiocarbamoyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonylcarbamoyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonylthiocarbamoyl, sulfamoyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N-phenylsulfamoyl, N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl, pyrazyl, any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen or nitro.
 9. A compound of claim 7 wherein R⁵ represents C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl, 2-thienyl or phenyl each of which may be optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy or nitro; R⁶ represents a hydrogen atom; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and each R² and R³ in each pair of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, represent individually hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl or phenyl; and A represents hydrogen or C₁₋₁₂ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, C₅₋₇ cycloalkyl, phenyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, benzyl, acetyloxyethyl, pivaloyloxymethyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, carbamoyl, N-acetylcarbamoyl, N-phenylaminocarbonyl or C₁₋₄ alkoxycarbonyl any of which may be optionally substituted by a halogen atom.
 10. A compound of claim 7 wherein R⁵ represents a C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₅₋₆ cycloalkadienyl, thienyl or phenyl any of which may be optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy or nitro; R⁶ represnets a hydrogen atom; A is hydrogen or C₁₋₁₂ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, phenyl or benzyl each of which may be optionally substituted by halogen; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, each R² and R³ in the two pairs of R² and R³, which may be the same or different, are individually hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl; and R¹ is a hydrogen atom, a conventional penicillin cation capable of forming a non-toxic salt or a conventional penicillin ester-forming group capable of being easily removed by enzymes in a living body.
 11. A compound of claim 7, wherein R⁵ represents phenyl or 4-hydroxyphenyl; R⁶ represents hydrogen; each pair of R² and R³ are linked to the same carbon atom, and each R² and R³ in the two pairs of R² and R³, which may be the same of different, are individually hydrogen or methyl; A is methyl or ethyl; and R¹ is hydrogen or a conventional penicillin cation capable of forming a non-toxic salt.
 12. A compound selected from the group consisting ofphthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, phthalidyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, methoxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, pivaloyloxymethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, β-piperidinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, β-piperidinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate, β-morpholinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate,and β-morpholinoethyl 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanate.
 13. The compound of claim 7, which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR610## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 14. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR611## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 15. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR612## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 16. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]pencillanic acid of the formula ##STR613## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 17. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-iso-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR614## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 18. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-acetoxyethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR615## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 19. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-allyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR616## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 20. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-phenyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR617## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 21. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-β-chloroethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR618## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 22. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(6-methyl-4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR619## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 23. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4,6-dimethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR620## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 24. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-pentyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR621## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 25. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-hexyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR622## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 26. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-heptyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR623## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 27. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-octyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR624## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 28. The compound of claim 1 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinothiocarbonylamino)phenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR625## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 29. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR626## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 30. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR627## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 31. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR628## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 32. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR629## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 33. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR630## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 34. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[D(-)-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-1,4-cyclohexadienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR631## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 35. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[DL-α-(4-methyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR632## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 36. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[DL-α-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR633## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 37. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[DL-α-(4-n-propyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR634## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 38. The compound of claim 7 which is 6-[DL-α-(4-n-butyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinocarbonylamino)-2-thienylacetamido]penicillanic acid of the formula ##STR635## or a non-toxic salt thereof.
 39. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibacterially effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 40. A method of combatting bacteria in mammals which comprises administering to said mammal an antibacterially effective amount of a compound of claim
 1. 